Agrivoltaic systems (AVS) (elevated solar arrays enabling energy and rainwater harvesting alongside crop production), have been gaining increasing traction globally. Most research has focused on the ...technical efficacy of AVS, with less attention paid to social dimensions and few studies in East Africa (EA). This research had two aims; firstly, to identify the critical enabling factors, institutions and support required to successfully widen AVS adoption across EA. Secondly, could widening adoption help address increasing climate-energy-food production-population growth challenges predicted for the coming decades. We present findings from two case study farms where AVS was installed (Kenya and Tanzania). We undertook user journey mapping with 14 participants associated with the case study farms, to monitor their experiences, building narratives that identify critical enabling factors and support required to successfully widen East African AVS adoption. The case studies are supplemented by additional farmer interviews (n = 44) and two end of project workshops with diverse regional stakeholders. Our findings indicate AV technology could be beneficial to a range of agricultural systems and contribute to addressing climate-energy-food nexus issues in EA, but innovations are needed to enable this uptake. Specifically, widening AVS adoption equitably requires: government interventions to deal with land tenure uncertainties particularly for small-holders and cooperative farms; provision of appropriate finance mechanisms for different types of beneficiaries; reforming the current regulatory framework for energy investments and payments for surplus distribution of AV electricity; and, developing assistance from additional supporting agencies (e.g. regulatory, agricultural and technical) at key touch-points in the adoption process.
•Most glass bottle deposit return schemes aim at increased recycling, not refill.•Interviews with key industry stakeholders explored a glass refill scheme for the UK.•Six themes emerged covering ...challenges and potential solutions.•Consensus was that increased recycling could be cheaper, faster and more sustainable.•Promoting local return and refill bottles was also seen as possible and desirable.
Currently, only about 36 % of collected glass in the UK is remelted to make new glass bottles. Exporting of glass has increased recently, causing supply issues. This raises the question of why there are not large-scale refill schemes for glass bottles. User Journey interviews were conducted with four senior representatives of key stakeholders to explore glass manufacturers’ and distributors’ perceptions about national refill schemes for the UK. Six themes emerged: policy/regulation, logistic, economics, industrial/technological areas, sustainability, and social arenas. Stakeholders agreed that investment in increasing the recycling rate in the UK could be a cheaper, faster and more sustainable approach.
This article focuses on a group of people who do not have a voice in everyday discourse – perpetrators of domestic violence. By engaging with qualitative design methods, including the Double Diamond ...design process, and looking at the system of interactions and experiences at Stopping Violence Dunedin (SVD), this research identified a series of themes and milestones for men who are perpetrators of domestic violence, leading to the development of a value object. A value object can refer to that which creates value for the user. In this case, the object is a key that created a value proposition, working to celebrate the milestones that these men reach in their journey of change, supporting the possibility of an alternative future for them – a future without violence.
Customer segmentation is an important aspect in aiding businesses to comprehensively understand their customer base and tailor their marketing strategies for optimal effectiveness. Traditional ...approaches to segmentation have predominantly concentrated on demographic factors and observable characteristics. However, these approaches have limitations that prevent them from capturing the intricate user journeys of each identified segment. Hence, this paper proposes an approach to customer segmentation using clustering algorithms, specifically the K-Means, BIRCH, and Gaussian Mixture Model on the dataset derived from the Wi-Fi advertising system, with a focus on tracking the user progression through the stages of the AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) Model. This paper not only presents an AIDA-based metric designed for Wi-Fi advertising data, it also strives to measure the different stages in the user journey analysis. Through the combination of the AIDA Model and the clustering algorithms, the main objective is to gain a nuanced understanding of the distinct stages characterizing the user journey within each identified segment. This approach further incorporates a dynamic-characteristics range table to delineate the weak and strongly engaged behavioral traits, thereby demonstrating the efficacy of combining the AIDA Model with the clustering algorithms in unraveling nuanced insights into customer behavior across diverse stages of the user journey for each segmented group.
Despite high risk for HIV, South African adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) experience numerous challenges with adherence to PrEP. To better understand AGYW’s motivations for PrEP and factors ...that impact PrEP adherence, we conducted serial in-depth interviews with 22 South African AGYW during a 12 month prospective study. Interviews explored motivations and initial experiences of PrEP use, patterns of adherence, social support, and reasons for stopping or persisting with PrEP. We also assessed drug levels as a biomarker of adherence; dried blood spots were collected at months 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 to assess intracellular tenofovir diphosphate levels. An end-user journey analytical approach revealed themes related to behavioral and emotional aspects of use, including multilevel factors leading to divergent PrEP adherence trajectories. Our findings highlight how internal versus external motivations drive PrEP use, as well as how positive identity formation and challenges are handled, which are essential to understand AGYW in their PrEP journeys.
A shift to advanced cookstoves can bring significant health and environmental benefits, but only with proper and consistent use. Despite this, the empirical evidence of what drives the initial ...purchase, and in particular, the continued use of advance cooking technologies remains limited. This paper describes two case studies in peri-urban Kiambu County (Kenya) and urban Lusaka (Zambia) where we examine the factors influencing the purchase and use of clean biomass cookstoves over time. We apply service design methodology to build “user journeys” to illustrate the cook’s experience with the technology, from the point of hearing about it, to purchasing it, learning to use it, and making it part of their daily routine. We find that often, the primary factors influencing initial purchase do not motivate people to use the stove regularly in the longer term. From the user-journey mapping, we identify some key behaviour change techniques that could be applied, primarily by cookstove implementers, at different phases in the adoption journey to support users in the process of overcoming behavioural barriers to adopting a new technology. Our findings emphasize that complex factors affect people's decision-making around the purchase and use of clean cookstoves, and highlight the need to carefully map user’s experience to pinpoint where support is most needed in the process of change.
The Covid-19 pandemic has forced a change in the way people work, and the location that they work from. The impact has caused significant disruption to education, the work environment and how social ...interactions take place. Online user habits have also changed due to lockdown restrictions and virtual conferencing software has become a vital cog in team communication. In result, a spate in software solutions have emerged in order to support the challenges of remote learning and working. The conferencing software landscape is now a core communication solution for company-wide interaction, team discussions, screen sharing and face-to-face contact. Yet the number of existing platforms is diverse. In this article, a systematic literature review investigation on virtual conferencing is presented. As output from the analysis, 67 key features and 74 obstacles users experience when interacting with virtual conferencing technologies are identified from 60 related open-source journal articles from 5 digital library repositories.
In both data protection law and research of usable privacy, awareness and control over the collection and use of personal data are understood to be cornerstones of digital sovereignty. For example, ...the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provides data subjects with the right to access data collected by organisations but remains unclear on the concrete process design. However, the design of data subject rights is crucial when it comes to the ability of customers to exercise their right and fulfil regulatory aims such as transparency. To learn more about user needs in implementing the right to access as per GDPR, we conducted a two-step study. First, we defined a five-phase user experience journey regarding the right to access: finding, authentication, request, access and data use. Second, and based on this model, 59 participants exercised their right to access and evaluated the usability of each phase. Drawing on 422 datasets spanning 139 organisations, our results show several interdependencies of process design and user satisfaction. Thereby, our insights inform the community of usable privacy and especially the design of the right to access with a first, yet robust, empirical body.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Renewable energy mini-grids are expected to play a major role in pursuit of universal access to modern energy services, particularly in rural Africa where grid extension is technically or financially ...unviable. In doing so, they will contribute greatly to a shift in household and community energy use from reliance on traditional fuels to more modern energy services. However, such a shift is a complex and uncertain process, with mini-grids often struggling to achieve sustainability after initial project funding ends. This paper draws on service design approaches to understand challenges associated with adoption of electricity services from the user perspective. By developing a user journey map, our study explores users' experience associated with connecting to and using electricity services from a 60 kW solar mini-grid in Mpanta, a small rural fishing community in northern Zambia. Our study finds that poor expectation management and limited integration of local socioeconomic dynamics in mini-grid service design, including their impact on affordability, has led to a slow and partial shift in household energy use. Better incorporation of the user perspective in the design, implementation and evaluation of mini-grids can help to identify potential barriers to adoption of electricity services and adapt it to the local context.
•Mini-grids in rural Zambia are often not adapted to user needs nor meet their high expectations.•Adoption and sustained use of mini-grid services and energy technologies is not a one-off decision.•User perspectives are key to understanding barriers to household energy transitions in Zambia.
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