Visual research method (VRM) is one of the widely used qualitative in social sciences, including in sport and exercise and particularly in the field of sport psychology. Photographic Elicitation ...Interview (PEI) is visual research involving photo-elicitation to generate interviews, which is still rarely used in sport and exercise research in Indonesia. Due to the dearth of literature and research using PEI in sport psychology, a review and reflections would be suitable to inform briefly about the emergent method. This paper will briefly explain: 1) VRM as a method in sport and exercise psychology research; 2) to inform what and how to utilise PEI as a part of VRM also its ethical considerations and procedures; 3) To inform reflections, challenges and opportunities the use of PEI in the Indonesian context. As conclusion, VRM and PEI are promising methods of qualitative data collection in sport and exercise research in Indonesia.
Territories of Multiple Stories Hillside and mountain villages, green fields and endless plains with scattered settlements and post-industrial medium-sized towns constitute Europe as much as the big ...cities we all know. These places have long been considered peripheral to the large urban centres and have often been associated with a certain passivity, stagnation and resistance to change. Yet a closer look at their interstices, inlets and plains reveals that they also move, live and transform. ...
One of the most striking developments across the social sciences in the past decade has been the growth of research methods using visual materials. It is often suggested that this growth is somehow ...related to the increasing importance of visual images in contemporary social and cultural practice. However, the form of the relationship between ‘visual research methods’ and ‘contemporary visual culture’ has not yet been interrogated. This paper conducts such an interrogation, exploring the relation between ‘visual research methods’ – as they are constituted in quite particular ways by a growing number of handbooks, reviews, conference and journals – and contemporary visual culture – as characterized by discussions of ‘convergence culture’. The paper adopts a performative approach to ‘visual research methods’. It suggests that when they are used, ‘visual research methods’ create neither a ‘social’ articulated through culturally mediated images, nor a ‘research participant’ competency in using such images. Instead, the paper argues that the intersection of visual culture and ‘visual research methods’ should be located in their shared way of using images, since in both, images tend to be deployed much more as communicational tools than as representational texts. The paper concludes by placing this argument in the context of recent discussions about the production of sociological knowledge in the wider social field.
With the arrival of new media and communication technologies in recent years, user-generated content (UGC) on the internet has increasingly been considered a credible form of word-of-mouth. Social ...media websites, such as Facebook, Flickr, and Panoramio, allow tourists to share their travel experiences with others by uploading travel photos online, an activity that has gained popularity among internet users. Unlike images created and projected by destination marketing organizations (DMOs), pictorial UGC reflects users' perceptions of a destination. This study compared images of Peru collected from a DMO's site and from Flickr, a photo-sharing website and identified statistical differences in several dimensions of these images. The study visualized these differences by constructing maps representing “aggregated” projected and perceived images of Peru, as well as maps of geographical distribution of the images.
► DMO and Flickr photos represented projected and perceived images of Peru. ► 20 destination attributes were identified. ► Representations of various regions of Peru were compared using geo-maps. ► Image maps were constructed using co-occurrences analysis of attributes. ► Hermeneutic circle of destination representation was partially supported.
Comics have long been a focus of scholarly inquiry. In recent years, this interest has taken a methodological turn, with scholars integrating comics creation into the research process itself. In this ...article, the authors begin to define and document this emerging, interdisciplinary field of methodological practice. They lay out key affordances that comics offers researchers across the disciplines, arguing that certain characteristics—multimodality, blending of sequential and simultaneous communication, emphasis on creator voice—afford powerful tools for inquiry. The authors finish by offering some questions and challenges for the field as it matures.
This paper presents a novel research methodology, screencast videography (SCV), as an approach to studying interactions and experiences in the digital space. Screencasting is a method of digitally ...recorded computer/mobile screen output, with or without audio narration. Focusing on the dynamic, highly visual digital environment in which many modern experiences such as e-shopping take place, SCV can be used for videographic studies of digital experiences that are rarely captured by means of traditional videography owing to the private settings of such experiences. SCV is able to capture dynamic experiences in the digital space, opening up opportunities for a wealth of screencast-based research to enhance our understanding of digitally occurring interactions, experiences and phenomena. This paper discusses the ontological and epistemological assumptions of SCV and how it is situated in relation to other relevant methodological approaches (videography and netnography). It then outlines, step-by-step, the methodological protocol for SCV and its possible applications. An illustrative example of using this method to study digital experience in the context of online fashion shopping is presented and discussed. This is the first presentation of such a method, offering a promising approach to studying similar experiences in the digital world.
In relation to this Special Issue’s focus on ugly information, this article examines children’s perception of the often invisible interactions they have with sensor-enabled digital devices and, when ...prompted, their interest in subverting or blocking these sensors to evade surveillance. The authors report on a study of 12 children, aged 8–12 years, that investigated their knowledge of the sensing abilities of commonly used digital devices (smart phones, smart watches, smart speakers and games consoles), and their attitudes towards having active agency over sensors. In line with this journal’s readership, visual methods used for data collection and analysis are described. Specifically, within semi-structured focus groups, drawing was used to understand what children thought was inside digital devices and the extent of their awareness of digital sensors. Child participants were invited to model speculative tools for deceiving digital sensors in order to explore their interest in having agency over digital surveillance. Data in the form of drawings, photographs of models and video recordings were analysed using experimental visual methods that included 3D rendering and comics, as well as visual content and thematic analysis. These drew out four key themes: (1) the role of inference in sensor awareness; (2) misunderstanding of device components and sensing capabilities; (3) attitudes to surveillance; and (4) children’s interest in subverting rather than blocking sensors. We discuss how technology companies’ desire to create ‘magical experiences’ may contribute to incorrect inferences about information gathering systems, how this reduces children’s agency over the information they share and how it puts them at greater risk from digital surveillance. The article makes an original contribution to knowledge in this area by calling for a two-pronged approach from technology companies and educators to address these issues by making sensor presence more visible, educating children about the full extent of sensor capability and bringing critical discussion of them into curricula.
It is important to obtain a deeper understanding of the social context of smoking, which may support finding new ways to hinder the development of a smoker’s identity. The authors developed the ...Picture Based Recognition of Smokers (PBRS) method in order to understand the identity markers of the social and visual contexts related to adolescent smoking. The differences in identifying non-smokers and smokers between traditional text-based questionnaires and PBRS were compared in a discriminatory analysis conducted by comparison clouds and correlograms. The ability of these methods to predict adolescent smokers was tested with a regression model combined with permutation analysis. The result of word clouds confirmed that interpretations of the visual identity markers of pictures differ between non-smokers and smokers. PBRS had a better success rate of predictions than the text-based questionnaires. This approach develops preventive interventions which do not stigmatize the intervention group.
This article draws attention to the spaces in-between and employees’ lived experiences of liminal spaces at work. It illustrates how and why liminal spaces are used and made meaningful by workers, in ...contrast to the dominant spaces that surround them. Consequently, the article extends the concept of liminality and argues that when liminal spaces are constructed, by workers, as vital and meaningful to their everyday lives they cease to be liminal spaces and instead become ‘transitory dwelling places’. In order to examine this shift from ambiguous space to meaningful place, the works of Casey (1993), amongst others, are used to make further sense of the space/materiality/work nexus in organizational life. This article is based on empirical data gathered from a nine-month study of hairdressers working in hair salons and explores the function and meaning of liminal spaces used by hairdressers in their everyday lives. The contribution of this article is three-fold; it argues that space is not just about dominant spaces; it extends the concept of liminality; and in connection with the latter, it demonstrates how transitory dwelling places offer fertile ground in which we might further develop our knowledge of the lived experiences of space at work.
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