The OECD and the Directorate-General for Environment, the European Commission department responsible for EU policy on the environment, joined forces to examine current and future water-related ...financing challenges faced by EU member states. These include investments needed to comply with EU regulation for water supply, wastewater collection and treatment, and flood protection. As part of the research, new data was produced on current levels of expenditure for water supply, sanitation and flood protection, as well as on projected needs. It supported a comparison across member states and substantiated tailored policy discussions in selected countries and at European level. This report captures the rationale for the research, the main quantitative outcomes and the policy issues and recommendations that derived from this two-year co-operation. Lessons from Europe outlined in this report can inspire similar research and policy discussions in other parts of the world.
Organske reakcije u vodi Dajana Gašo-Sokač; Valentina Bušić; Dora Zobundžija ...
Kemija u industriji; časopis kemičara i tehnologa Jugoslavije,
09/2023, Letnik:
72, Številka:
9-10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Velik je izazov provoditi organske reakcije u vodi. U posljednjem desetljeću broj znanstvenih istraživanja koja se bave proučavanjem vode kao zelenog otapala nastavio je eksponencijalno rasti. Osim ...što je jeftina, voda nije štetna za okoliš, a ponekad daje potpuno neočekivanu reaktivnost u kemijskim reakcijama. Postoji širok raspon organskih reakcija koje se mogu odvijati u vodi: od uobičajenih oksidoredukcijskih reakcija, reakcija koje uključuju karbokatione, pericikličkih reakcija, reakcija prijelaznih metala itd. Organske reakcije u vodenom mediju primjenjuju se u kemiji ugljikohidrata i kemijskoj modifikaciji biomolekula. U novije vrijeme voda se upotrebljava kao medij u mikrovalnoj sintezi. Ovaj pregledni rad daje uvid u važnost ovog područja budući da se organske reakcije u vodi kao otapalu odvijaju po principima zelene kemije.
Water Activity in Foods Gustavo V. Barbosa-Cánovas, Anthony J. Fontana, Shelly J. Schmidt, Theodore P. Labuza
2020, 2020-05-14, 2020-06-01
eBook
This second edition of Water Activity in Foods furnishes those working within food manufacturing, quality control, and safety with a newly revised guide to water activity and its role in the ...preservation and processing of food items. With clear, instructional prose and illustrations, the book's international team of contributors break down the essential principles of water activity and water–food interactions, delineating water's crucial impact upon attributes such as flavor, appearance, texture, and shelf life. The updated and expanded second edition continues to offer an authoritative overview of the subject, while also broadening its scope to include six newly written chapters covering the latest developments in water activity research. Exploring topics ranging from deliquescence to crispness, these insightful new inclusions complement existing content that has been refreshed and reconfigured to support the food industry of today.
This book explores examples of the circular economy in action. Unlike other books that provide narrow perceptions of wide-ranging and highly interconnected paradigms, such as supply chains, ...recycling, businesses models and waste management, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the circular economy from various perspectives. Its unique insights into the approaches, methods and tools that enable people to make the transformation to a circular economy show how recent research, trends and attitudes have moved beyond the "call to arms" approach to a level of maturity that requires sound scientific thinking.
The article introduces blue ecocriticism into Czech literary studies by reviewing Steve Mentz’s volume An Introduction to the Blue Humanities (2023). It briefly outlines the circumstances of the ...cultural turn to the seas and oceans around the year 2000 and its current shift from the Mediterranean and North Atlantic to the more global Pacific, as well as from the seas and oceans to the planetary water cycle. It will take a closer look at Mentz’s blue strategies, interpretations, inspirations, and problems, to conclude by considering the potential of blue ecocriticism for the (seemingly) landlocked Czech intellectual climate.
This paper presents research results of a Roman road on Mountain Konjuh (Bosnia and Herzegovina). It documents the remnants of road communications in modern settlements in Konjuh municipality. We ...documented the length of the discovered road sections (completely or partially preserved), their width, slope angle, embankment height, and stone type on the cleaned parts. According to the found remains, we concluded that this Roman road went from the direction of Olovo, and that it passed the Stara Karaula pass and over the slopes of Konjuh and then arrived at Kladanj. One leg of this road led from Kladanj through the settlements of Plahovići and Pauč to Pekara locality (today known as Muška voda), in the river valley of Drinjača River. We performed its georeferencing according to the found marks of the Roman road, recording them and studying the Austro-Hungarian maps.
Významnou část přepravních a skladovacích nádob tvořily v neolitu nádoby z organických materiálů. Používaly se k vytahování vody z jam nebo studní, zatímco keramické nádoby byly používány k přepravě, ...skladování a pití vody. Cílem tohoto článku je analýza a vyhodnocení unikátních dřevěných věder ze studny LBK v lokalitě Mohelnice – U Cukrovaru. Konstrukce věder se skládala z podélně dělených prutů se zářezy. Vrstva lýka tvořila stěnu vědra a konce rozštípnutých prutů se pak k sobě svázaly provázky. Textilně-technologický rozbor určil jako použitou surovinu s největší pravděpodobností lýko. Xylotomická analýza určila jako zdroj dřevo několika listnatých stromů. Obdobné nádoby byly nalezeny v několika studnách v Evropě, zejména v Sasku. Lze předpokládat, že organické nádoby tvořily standardní součást výbavy neolitické domácnosti.
Dobrá Voda village is located in the Malé Karpaty Mts. (Brezovské Karpaty) and is well known for its increased seismic activity. For a better understanding of the processes preceding earthquakes, ...this area has been studied using several methods. One of them is magnetotellurics. Magnetotellurics provides an image of the distribution of electrical conductivity within the Earth and helps to determine individual tectonic structures, specifically faults. The shallow conductive structures are associated with Neogene sediments of the Danube Basin, sedimentary fill of the Dobrá Voda Depression, and partial nappes of Hronicum, probably saturated with water. Less conductive structures are the Fatricum sediments and the lowest conductivity values belong to crystalline basement of the Tatricum tectonic unit. Whole structure of the Dobrá Voda seismoactive area along our magnetotelluric profile is disrupted by NE–SW oriented normal faults. Based on the location of earthquake hypocentres, we can identify main seismoactive areas as crystalline complexes of Tatricum.
