Mata kuliah Ensambel vokal di Jurusan Musik Fakultas Seni Pertunjukan Institut Seni Indonesia pada semester genap mempunyai tingkat kesulitan yang lebih tinggi dari pada semester gasal. Alasannya ...adalah karena pada semester gasal mahasiswa sudah beradaptasi dengan mata kuliah pendukung lain yaitu teori musik, solfegio, dan harmoni. Mahasiswa yang menempuh mata kuliah ini tidak hanya berasal dari mahasiswa instrumen mayor vokal saja, namun berasal dari instrumen yang lainnya. Oleh sebab itu ketika mereka menyanyikan sebuah lagu, masih terdengar suara yang masih belum terbentuk dengan baik dan benar, terlebih ketika menyanyikan melodi melismatis yang panjang. Maka dari itu repertoar yang mempunyai melodi melismatis panjang menjadi repertoar wajib pada semester genap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengajarkan seluruh mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah ensambel vokal dapat menyanyikan melodi melismatis dengan baik dan benar. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Dimana peneliti juga bertindak sebagai pengajar untuk mengidentifikasi penelitian kelas dan memahami apa yang sedang terjadi, serta terlibat dalam proses perbaikan. Penerapan teknik vokal staccato, legato dan aksen menjadi jawaban ketika diperhadapkan dengan repertoar yang mempunyai melodi melismatis. AbstractMelismatic Technique Learning Process in Repertoire Messiah by G.F. Handel on Vocal Ensemble Courses. The vocal ensemble course in the Department of Music, Faculty of Performing Arts, the Indonesian Institute of the Arts in the even semester has a difficulty level that is more than the odd semester. The reason is that in odd semesters students have adapted to supporting subjects such as music theory, solfeggio, and harmony. Students who take this course come not only from major vocal instrument students but consist of all other instruments so that when they sing a song, there is still a sound that is still raw and has not been formed properly and correctly, especially when faced with a melody. melismatic length. Therefore, a repertoire that has a long melismatic melody becomes a mandatory repertoire in the even semester. The purpose of this study is to teach all students who take vocal ensemble courses to sing melismatic melodies properly and correctly. The research method used is the Classroom Action Research method. Where the researcher also acts as a teacher to identify classroom research and understand what is going on, while being involved in the improvement process. The application of staccato, legato and accent vocal techniques is the answer when faced with a repertoire that has a melismatic melody.Keywords: Melismatic, Messiah, Vocal Ensemble
Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menjelaskan sebutan vokal tinggi /i/ dan /u/ yang berada pada posisi suku kata akhir tertutup guru berdasarkan analisis teori fonologi generatif dan sosiofonologi, serta ...kesannya terhadap kesalahan ejaan murid. Tiga guru bahasa Melayu Tahun 1 dan 114 murid Tahun 1 di sebuah sekolah di daerah Hulu Langat, Selangor dipilih sebagai responden. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan borang soal selidik, borang maklum balas dan alat perakam dengan menggunakan kaedah kepustakaan dan pemerhatian. Kemudian, data dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan (i) teori fonologi generatif dan (ii) faktor sosiofonologi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat murid yang menggantikan kata yang terdapat vokal tinggi /i/ dan /u/ pada suku kata akhir tertutup sebagai “e” dan “o” dalam penulisan mereka akibat ujaran guru yang membunyikan vokal /i/ dan /u/ pada posisi tersebut sebagai e dan o, masing-masing. Misalnya, kata “arif” diujarkan sebagai a.ref dan “kamarul” diujarkan sebagai ka.mã.rol. Dengan berdasarkan teori fonologi generatif, perubahan ini berlaku disebabkan oleh proses perendahan vokal, iaitu perubahan fitur vokal +tinggi kepada fitur vokal −tinggi dan +ATR. Dari segi sosiofonologi, bahasa seharian yang sering digunakan, masalah gangguan bahasa, dan penggunaan dialek setempat telah mempengaruhi pelaksanaan proses perendahan vokal. Umumnya, kajian ini berusaha mengetengahkan perbezaan penggunaan vokal /i/ dan /u/ dan vokal e dan o kepada murid Tahun 1 untuk mengelakkan kekeliruan dan kesalahan ejaan kata bahasa Melayu secara berterusan.
•Crossmodal associations between speech sounds and tastes were studied.•Front (back) vowels increased expected sweetness (bitterness).•Fricative (stop) consonants increased expected sweetness ...(saltiness/bitterness).•Voiceless (voiced) consonants increased expected sweetness/sourness (saltiness/bitterness).•Consonants had a greater influence on taste expectations than did vowels.
Product names can be developed to effectively convey specific sensory attributes to the consumer. Most of the previous research on crossmodal correspondences has shown that people selectively associate words (e.g., ‘Maluma’, ‘Takete’) with taste attributes. To provide practical insights for naming new products in the food industry, it is important to obtain a more nuanced understanding concerning those properties of speech sounds (i.e., vowels, consonants) influencing people’s taste expectations. In this study, we investigated taste-speech sound correspondences by systematically manipulating the vowels and consonants comprising fictitious brand names. Based on the literature on crossmodal correspondences and sound symbolism, we investigated which vowels/consonants contribute more to the association between speech sounds and tastes (sweet/sour/salty/bitter). Across three experiments, we systematically varied vowels (front: ie, back: auo), and affricate consonants (e.g., fricative: fs, stop: pt) as well as voiced/voiceless consonants (e.g., voiced: bd, voiceless: fk). Japanese participants were presented with brand names and had to evaluate the taste that they expected the product to have. The results revealed that: (1) front (back) vowels increased expected sweetness (bitterness), (2) fricative (stop) consonants increased expected sweetness (saltiness/bitterness), (3) voiceless (voiced) consonants increased expected sweetness/sourness (saltiness/bitterness). Moreover, consonants, which were pronounced first in the brand names, exerted a greater influence on expected taste than did the vowels. Taken together, these findings help advance theoretical foundations in sound-taste correspondences research as well as provide practical contributions to the food practitioners to develop predictive product names.
Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pembelajaran teknik vokal Riff and Runs di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 11 Medan. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada landasan teoritis teori teknik ...vokal, teknik vokal Riff and Runs, improvisasi, dan metode Drill. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 7 orang yaitu 1 guru praktek vokal pop dan 6 siswa-siswi kelas XI Non Klasik jurusan vokal pop di SMK Negeri 11 Medan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, tes praktek dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran teknik vokal Riff and Runs dengan metode drill di jurusan vokal pop kelas XI Non-Klasik, dimulai dari pengenalan teknik vokal dasar seperti teknik pernapasan, vocalizing, dan melatih suara dengan tangga nada pentatonik mayor dan pentatonik minor, mendengarkan lagu dan latihan secara mandiri. Kelebihan dari teknik vokal riff and runs adalah menggunakan tangga nada pentatonik mayor dan pentatonik minor (5 buah nada) sedangkan pada pembelajaran teknik vokal biasa hanya menggunakan tangga nada diatonis mayor dan minor saja.
Facemasks are essential for healthcare workers but characteristics of the voice whilst wearing this personal protective equipment are not well understood. In the present study, we compared acoustic ...voice measures in recordings of sixteen adults producing standardised vocal tasks with and without wearing either a surgical mask or a KN95 mask. Data were analysed for mean spectral levels at 0-1 kHz and 1-8 kHz regions, an energy ratio between 0-1 and 1-8 kHz (LH1000), harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS), and vocal intensity. In connected speech there was significant attenuation of mean spectral level at 1-8 kHz region and there was no significant change in this measure at 0-1 kHz. Mean spectral levels of vowel did not change significantly in mask-wearing conditions. LH1000 for connected speech significantly increased whilst wearing either a surgical mask or KN95 mask but no significant change in this measure was found for vowel. HNR was higher in the mask-wearing conditions than the no-mask condition. CPPS and vocal intensity did not change in mask-wearing conditions. These findings implied an attenuation effects of wearing these types of masks on the voice spectra with surgical mask showing less impact than the KN95.
Artikel ini disarikan dari penelitian yang berjudul “Teknik Vokal Dan Pembawaan Lagu Keroncong Stambul “Tinggal Kenangan” Ciptaan Budiman BJ Oleh Subardjo HS”. Ada beberapa permasalahan yang menjadi ...alasan untuk melakukan penelitian lebih mendalam dan hasilnya dapat digunakan sebagai referensi tambahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif sebagai pendekatan dalam menggali data-data serta tahapantahapan yang harus dilalui sesuai dengan prosedur. Sumber-sumber data diperoleh melalui metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dalam meneliti teknik vokal dan pembawaan lagu keroncong stambul “Tinggal Kenangan” ciptaan Budiman BJ, terlebih dahulu menganalisa seputar teknik vokal keroncong, bentuk dan karakter lagu stambul. Setelah melakukan analisis pada teknik vokal dan pembawaan lagu keroncong stambul “Tinggal kenangan” ciptaan Budiman BJ, selanjutnya melakukan wawancara kepada beberapa pelaku musik keroncong, meliputi pelaku yang mempunyai latar belakang akademisi serta pelaku yang memang seorang praktisi musik keroncong. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa teknik dan pembawaan lagu keroncong stambul “Tinggal Kenangan” ciptaan Budiman BJ mempunyai karakter dan ciri khas lagu yang mendayu, dan dibawakan dengan teknik dan improvisasi sesuai dengan pembawaan Subardjo HS. This article is extracted from a study entitled “Vocal Technique And Stylized Keroncong Stambul Song“Tinggal Kenangan” Budiman BJ creation by Subardjo HS”. There are a number of problems that are Reasons for doing more in-depth research and the results can be used as additional references. This sudy uses qualitative descriptive research methods as an approach in exploring the data and the stages that must be passed in accordance with the procedure. Data sources were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. In researching vocal technique and stylized keroncong stambul song Tinggal Kenangan Budiman BJ creation, especially first analyzing the keroncong vocal technique, the form and character of the stambul song, after analyzing the vocal technique and stylized keroncong stambul song Tinggal Kenangan Budiman BJ creation, then interviewing some actors keroncong music, including actors with background behind academics and practitioners of keroncong music. From the result of the study, it can be seen that the Vocal Technique And Stylized Keroncong Stambul Song Tinggal Kenangan Budiman BJ creation has the characteristic song and presented with technique and improvisation in accordance with styled by Subardjo HS.Keywords: vocal technique, styled, keroncong stambul
The Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the widely seen and most important neurological disorders worldwide. With the development of the technology, many machine learning methods have been presented ...to recognize PD automatically. In order to recognize PD and gender, vowels have been widely used and many papers have been presented for solving these problems in the literature. In this study, a novel octopus based feature extraction network is presented and the proposed octopus is a multiple pooling method. In this method, minimum, maximum, maximum-minimum, average, variance, median, skewness and kurtosis pooling methods are used. These eight pooling methods consist the leg of the octopus. In this article, a vowel recognition method is proposed using the proposed octopus pooling method. The proposed method contains preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, classification and post processing phases. In the preprocessing, the proposed octopus method is applied to signal to generate octopus signal. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is utilized as feature extractor and the features are extracted using original vowel signal and the signals of the octopus. In order to feature selection, neighborhood component analysis (NCA) is used to remove redundant features. In the classification phase, support vector machine with various activation functions (linear, cubic, radial bases function), 1NN with Manhattan distance, tree and logistic regression are utilized. To obtain individual results, the proposed post processing algorithm is applied to validation predictions. In order to show success of the proposed method, a vowel dataset is used. This dataset contains PD disease vowels and there are gender labels. By using the proposed octopus based method, PD, gender and both PD and gender recognitions are performed. The proposed method achieved 99.21%, 98.41% and 97.62% accuracy rates for gender, PD and gender and PD classification respectively using 1 nearest neighbor (1NN) classifier. The space complexity of the proposed method was calculated and was found as Onlogn. These results clearly indicated that the proposed solves three problems with high success rates and low computational complexity.
Persistent developmental stuttering affects close to 1% of adults and is thought to be a problem of sensorimotor integration. Previous research has demonstrated that individuals who stutter respond ...differently to changes in their auditory feedback while speaking. Here we explore a number of changes that accompany alterations in the feedback of pitch during vocal production. Participants sustained the vowel /a/ while hearing on-line feedback of their own voice through headphones. In some trials, feedback was briefly shifted up or down by 100 cents to simulate a vocal production error. As previously shown, participants compensated for the auditory pitch change by altering their vocal production in the opposite direction of the shift. The average compensatory response was smaller for adults who stuttered than for adult controls. Detailed analyses revealed that adults who stuttered had fewer trials with a robust corrective response, and that within the trials showing compensation, the timing of their responses was more variable. These results support the idea that dysfunctional sensorimotor integration in stuttering is characterized by timing variability, reflecting reduced coupling of the auditory and speech motor systems.
This article is focus on the Arabic phonological concept wich was proposed by al-khalil Ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi in order to introduce the fluency of pronouncing Arabic words. According to al-farahidi ...the fluency of prononcing the Arabic words are formed through the grammatically arranged sentences, wich are built through the correct words. Mean while correct words are formed trough the exact placement of the sounds. This article will expose al-Farahidi's efforts in identifying the harmonious sound of Arabic words which finally form fluency of pronouncing the words.
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