It is proposed to improve hopper wagon design to provide the possibility of simultaneous transportation of different types of cargo. This improvement consists of dividing the body into two separate ...sections, interacting with each other through a vertical wall and horizontal connecting belts. A calculation by using the FEM in the SolidWorks Simulation has been carried out to determine the strength of the construction of the two-section hopper wagon. The results of the research showed that the maximum load of the hopper wagon occurs in the first design mode (impact). However, the obtained stresses were lower than permissible by 30%. To calculate the indicators of the wagon dynamics, modeling was carried out. All received dynamics indicators were within the permissible limits. For transporting a hopper wagon on railway ferries in international traffic, it is suggested to use units for the fastening chain. Research of the dynamic load of the hopper wagon supporting structure was carried out through mathematical modeling. The strength analysis of the hopper-wagon-bearing structure was carried out. It was found out that the stresses in the hopper wagon structure did not exceed the normative values. The results of the research will contribute to the increased profitability of railway transport. Additionally, the results of the work can be useful in the creation of modern designs of wagons, including for international traffic.
Considered means of the typical and composite open wagon bodies repair, which will prevent the possible loss of bulk cargo and increase the level of the train traffic safety. Defects of open wagon ...bodies were identified and analyzed. Malfunctions and damage to wagon bodies are diverse and depend on the operating conditions of the wagon and its design features. The most typical malfunctions for all types of wagons are cracks, holes, deflections, dents, corrosion damage to metal parts and rotting of wood, as well as damage to the fastening parts of door sides, hatch covers, bodies. Considered technical requirements for nodes and parts of freight wagons in operation. Malfunctions of bodies and frames of freight wagons were analyzed. When designing highly loaded parts with complex geometry, the application of combined solutions is considered. Typical and prospective (composite) designs of open wagon bodies were also considered. The work examines the equipment for the repair of typical and composite open wagon bodies. The wagon repair machine for operational depots VRM-E, which is designed for mechanization of production, current uncoupling repair of freight wagons at the PTO and is designed to correct defects in the open wagon bodies, the considered open wagon tilter is mobile, which is designed for positioning the body of the open wagon in two directions in the conditions of wagon repair depots and wagon-building enterprises. Installation for fixing the upper binding frame of open wagons that can be used in wagon repair depots. Installation which is intended for correcting all major types of deformations of the upper binding frame of an open wagon, installation of straightening the side walls of the body of the open wagons. Calculations for the strength of the semi-wagon body in the empty state under repair loads were also conducted.
Longitudinal train dynamics: an overview Wu, Qing; Spiryagin, Maksym; Cole, Colin
Vehicle system dynamics,
12/1/2016, 2016-12-00, 20161201, Letnik:
54, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This paper discusses the evolution of longitudinal train dynamics (LTD) simulations, which covers numerical solvers, vehicle connection systems, air brake systems, wagon dumper systems and ...locomotives, resistance forces and gravitational components, vehicle in-train instabilities, and computing schemes. A number of potential research topics are suggested, such as modelling of friction, polymer, and transition characteristics for vehicle connection simulations, studies of wagon dumping operations, proper modelling of vehicle in-train instabilities, and computing schemes for LTD simulations. Evidence shows that LTD simulations have evolved with computing capabilities. Currently, advanced component models that directly describe the working principles of the operation of air brake systems, vehicle connection systems, and traction systems are available. Parallel computing is a good solution to combine and simulate all these advanced models. Parallel computing can also be used to conduct three-dimensional long train dynamics simulations.
Over the past 2 decades, the computational materials science community has made great advances in facilitating and supporting the development of new materials, particularly metallic alloys. While the ...materials community now has impactful computational tools, from Calculation of Phase Diagrams (CALPHAD) methods for computing phase diagrams, to density functional theory (DFT) for computing certain properties of individual phases, to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to accelerate computational discoveries, experimental validation methods, in any high-throughput methodology, has been lacking. Metallic alloy synthesis has remained incredibly slow owing to traditional methods, such as arc-melting methods, remaining a one-off approach, which each individual sample requiring a separate sample preparation and characterization process, little if any of which is automated. To overcome these limitations, the High-Throughput Rapid Experimental Alloy Development (HT-READ) platform was developed. The HT-READ platform is a true paradigm change in the field of metallic alloy development, enabling fully automated synthesis and characterization of alloy samples in groups of 16 samples at once. The enabling feature of the HT-READ platform approach is the use of a single sample, with up to 16 individual alloy ‘spokes’ comprising a ‘wagon-wheel’ geometry. This geometry directly enables the automation of each of the characterization steps that can proceed without instrument operation by a trained engineer. In spite of the significant advantages of the HT-READ platform, the rate controlling step remains the physical weighing of the alloy powders used in the 3-D printing of the individual spokes of the ‘wagon-wheel’ sample. In the newly updated HT-READ platform, the powder handling and weighting process has now been automated using a ChemSpeed™ Doser, which can dispense up to 24 different powders, which might be needed to achieve the desired composition for each of the 16-spoke samples. With the Updated HT-READ platform, it is now possible to achieve truly high-throughput of metallic alloy development, with automated characterization across multiple instruments, from GDS, XRD, SEM-EDS, SEM-EBSD, microhardness, and nanoindentation.
Turnouts are among the weakest links of railway lines, but the derailment risk of vehicles passing the through route of a turnout is seldom considered. The potential factors affecting derailment are ...screened according to field investigations of a train derailment case at the through route of a turnout. A detailed wagon-turnout interaction model considering the non-uniform cross-sections of turnout rails and the interaction between adjacent wagons is developed and validated. Through numerical simulation, the dynamic performance of an empty wagon passing the through route of turnout at a low speed is studied. When the wagon passes the turnout under the continuous lateral force condition, the wheels climb onto the rail head at the switch area in the facing direction, while the derailment occurs at the frog area in the trailing direction. Moreover, the possibility of derailment of the empty wagon increases with increasing coupler force and wheel-rail friction coefficient, and with decreasing speed. To improve the safety of empty wagons in the turnout area, rail lubrication should be implemented to reduce the wheel-rail friction coefficient, and large braking forces should be avoided. Furthermore, the wheel surface condition after re-profiling requires continuous attention.
The information that automated train control (ATO) systems use to improve safety and reduce power usage is limited by on-board and wayside monitoring applications and computing power. This paper ...presents an augmented digital twin for railway applications that enables real-time consideration of derailment risk in train operations. The augmented digital twin implements a surrogate model with the results of a massive multibody dynamics numerical program and machine learning models to predict the instantaneous wagon derailment risk. A case study for a heavy haul iron ore wagon with three-piece bogies was conducted to test the augmented digital twin. A multibody simulation numerical program comprising 2100 simulation cases was completed. The surrogate model was developed using linear, polynomial, decision tree and ensemble forest regression models on the results of the numerical program. A longitudinal train simulator was used to calculate the speed and lateral coupler force throughout a train trip. The surrogate model effectively predicted the derailment index for empty and loaded conditions accounting for lateral coupler forces, vehicle speeds and curve radius. The proposed augmented digital twin can be further developed to accomplish other train operational benefits such as the reduction of rail damage.
This article deals with the dynamic load and strength of the carrying structures of articulated circular-tube wagons. The study was conducted on the carrying structures of wagons equipped with new ...draft gear concepts. The accelerations on the carrying structures of wagons were determined using mathematical modeling. The results of modeling show that implementation of the draft gear concept can decrease the dynamic load of wagons by about 10% in comparison with that of a typical SA-3 coupler. Using the created computational models, the service life of the structure of the proposed articulated wagons was also determined. This research will encourage engineers to design modern structures of railway vehicles of higher operational efficiency.
Wagon instability in long trains Cole, Colin; McClanachan, Mitchell; Spiryagin, Maksym ...
Vehicle system dynamics,
20/1/1/, Letnik:
50, Številka:
sup1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Lateral force components and impacts from couplers can adversely affect wagon stability. These issues are significant in longer and heavier trains increasing the risk of wagon rollover, wheel climb, ...wagon body pitch, bogie pitch and wagon lift-off. Modelling of coupler angles has been added to normal longitudinal train simulation to allow comprehensive study of lateral components of coupler forces. Lateral coupler forces are then combined with centripetal inertia calculations to determine quasi-static lateral forces, quasi-static vertical forces and quasi-static bogie lateral to vertical ratio, allowing the study of stringlining, buckling and wagon rollover risks. The approach taken allows for different rolling stock lengths, overhang and coupling lengths, and allows the study of angles occurring in transitions. Wagon body and bogie pitch are also studied with enhancements added to previous modelling to allow the study of wagon lift-off.
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