The application of Web 3.0 will bring unprecedented changes to the supply chain, where many industries are seeing significant cost reductions. However, due to the requirement of stability for supply ...chain, sometimes the total cost of supply chain cannot decrease effectively under Web 2.0, which may hinder the application of Web 3.0. Following the application from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0, this paper discusses the selection of distribution channel whose cost is under user stickiness and the degree of digitalization. The system optimum model, which is commonly used in dynamic traffic allocation, is applied to solve the distribution channel selection problem. The results implies that when the degree of digitalization is low, the distribution channel cost first decreases and then increases as user stickiness increases. This trend of channel cost illustrates the price induction on user stickiness initially, and gradually adjust the price to be higher when user stickiness makes channel transformation costly. Customers with unclear user stickiness perceptions and weak channel control can easily be trapped in the transition from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0. Distributors will also be forced to accept high product costs due to the price induction from product distribution channels.
•The development of channel digitalization from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0 can reduce user stickiness-based discriminatory pricing.•Discriminatory pricing occurs as user stickiness develops, which may hinder the application of Web 3.0.•System Optimum Model is applied to solve the distribution channel problems, which was commonly used in dynamic traffic allocation.
With growing investment into the metaverse or metaverses, the required hardware and software is becoming more powerful and cheaper, and tech firms’ expectations for this market are high. In parallel, ...consumer brands are claiming their digital real estate as consumers seek experiences beyond those available in the real world. Having people engage on this platform is important for all stakeholders. To address this much needed level of engagement, this editorial introduces the concept of immersive time (ImT), which is described as the conscious, deliberate, and dedicated time spent using a headset and other accessories to continually engage in the metaverse, presumably at least in part to escape the real world. Once in ImT, there are rather limited opportunities to multitask and simultaneously devote time to the activities within the metaverse and the real world. As such, while prolonged ImT is important for the stakeholders, it is imperative to recognize the inherent dark sides of this time. Understanding ImT has important implications for researchers and practitioners (including tech developers, and brand and marketing managers who contemplate their metaverse strategies), and policymakers who aim to ensure customers’ safety when immersing in the metaverse. This editorial concludes with an agenda for future research to enhance our understanding of consumer behaviors and engagement in the metaverse.
•Questions abound on how much time people are spendingin the metaverse.•We introduce the concept of immersive time; it describes time spent in the metaverse.•Brands will benefit from prolonged immersivetime.•There are implications for the safety and well-being of immersed consumers.•There is a need for qualitative and quantitative theoretical exploration of ImT.
Metaverse teknolojisinin insanların hayatında ne gibi değişiklikler yapabileceğini tartışmadan önce, bu kavramın günümüz sosyal medya uygulamaları gibi Web 2.0’a mı, yoksa inşa sürecinde olan Web ...3.0’a mı özgü olduğunu anlamak gerekmektedir. Metaverse konusunda yapılacak olan değerlendirmelerin günün teknolojik gelişmeleriyle uyumlu olması ancak bu şekilde sağlanabilir. Metaverse, henüz inşası tamamlanmamış olan Web 3.0 ağının erken uygulamalarından biridir. Bu nedenle özellikle sosyal bilimler alanındaki metaverse konulu akademik çalışmaların çoğu ihtimallerin, beklentilerin ve temennilerin ötesine geçememiştir. Metaverse konusunu sağlam bir zemine oturtmadan önce asıl yapılması gereken, Web 3.0 kavramını incelemektir. Literatürde kavramın tanımına ilişkin her geçen gün büyüyen ciddi bir karmaşa bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle söz konusu karmaşanın nedenleri literatür taraması aracılığıyla araştırılmıştır. Daha sonra birbirinin içerisinden doğan Bitcoin, blokzinciri, Web 3.0 ve metaverse kavramlarına ilişkin teknolojik gelişmeler, özellikler incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, Web 3.0’a ait yeni kavramların açıklanması ve bu açıklamaların metaverse gibi henüz doğum aşamasında olan bir mecranın geleceği konusunda fikir vermesidir.
Before discussing what kind of changes Metaverse technology can make in people's lives, it is necessary to understand whether this concept is specific to Web 2.0, such as today's social media applications, or to Web 3.0 that is still in the process of development and implementation. Only in this way can the evaluations to be made on the Metaverse be compatible with today's technological developments. Metaverse is one of the early implementations of Web 3.0 network, which is still in progress. Thus, most of the academic studies on metaverse, especially in social sciences field, could not go beyond possibilities, expectations and wishes. Before building the metaverse issue on a solid ground, the main thing to do is to examine the concept of Web 3.0. Concerning the definition of this concept, there is a serious confusion in the literature. First of all, the reasons of this confusion were investigated through literature review in this study. Then, technological developments and features regarding the concepts of Bitcoin, blockchain, Web 3.0 and metaverse, which emerged from each other, were examined. The aim of the study is to explain the new concepts of Web 3.0 and to give an idea about the future of a medium like the metaverse, which is still in birth stage.
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Ground transportation, which includes the road and rail sectors, is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. An emissions trading system (ETS) is one of the environmental ...policies for controlling carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion during transport activities. To investigate the status of existing ETS interventions on ground transportation emissions, a comprehensive literature review is conducted, including policy evaluation and comparison, scheme optimization and design, and specific transport behavior interventions. The results show that existing upstream policies are insufficient in stringency and effectiveness, while policy implementation for downstream interventions remains limited. To address these shortcomings, this study proposes a downstream ground transportation emissions trading system (GTETS), incorporating the Internet of Things and blockchain technology. As well as road and rail transportation emissions, the system includes the emissions-related activities of individuals and transportation companies, and its Web3-based technologies provide effective and efficient monitoring, reporting, and verification.
•Exploring cross-effects between online and offline channels.•Revealing how marketing budget relates to each channel’s marketing efficiency.•The integrated omni-channel marketing effect is ...critical.•Risk preferences of supply chain members monotonically affect marketing investments.
In the digital platform era, omni-channel marketing is widely adopted. The efficiency of marketing investment will affect the revenues and profits of the firms. On one hand, the firms endeavour to adjust their marketing strategies to maximize their profits; on the other hand, the retailer and manufacturer have their own risk preferences, which will affect their decision making in omni-channel marketing strategies. We address these emerging issues by conducting a theoretical mean-risk analysis. We find that the optimal online marketing investment is not always larger than the offline counterpart, even when the online ads’ influence is large. We uncover that the integrated omni-channel marketing effect is a critical factor which affects the expected profits derived from both channels. Furthermore, we extend the analysis by considering the risk preferences of the retailer and manufacturer as well as demand uncertainty and correlation. Important managerial insights are generated.
Web 3.0 technology represents the evolution of a decentralized Internet that is focused on the desires and needs of users. Decentralization plays an important role in transferring power from ...providers to users, protecting privacy and regaining control over their information and data. With the evolution of the Internet, users would not need the third party to communicate and perform transactions, and users would be protected from the influence and profiteering of a third party. To stay consistent with its principles of transparency, decentralization, invariability of information and availability, Web 3.0 is designed to function on the principle of blockchain technologies. Blockchain technologies provide the effect of transparency, where every change or transaction can be traced in the network chain. Digital signatures, in the form of code, ensure interaction and authorization between users without the influence of a third party. The method of comparability, analysis of content and historical method were applied in this research. The comparability is made on the evolution of the Internet through the stages and impact on users. The comparative method is important for evaluating the efficiency of the Internet and its effect on users. The historical method was used for the chronological research of phenomenon. The analysis method was used in the content analysis of the literature. The subject of this research is the development of Web technologies and a closer explanation of the concept of Web 3.0, its importance and impact on users. The goal of this research is to point out all the advantages and innovations that Web 3.0 could bring to users.
PurposeEver since its emergence, the metaverse has presented opportunities and disruptions to every stakeholder, including individual users and organizations. This article aims to offer valuable ...perspectives on six identified critical areas that the metaverse could significantly impact: marketing ethics, marketing communication, relationship marketing, retail marketing, supply chain management and transportation management.Design/methodology/approachThrough a multi-perspective approach, this paper gathers valuable perspectives from various invited contributors to each of the six identified key areas that the metaverse could significantly impact.FindingsFor each key area identified, the invited contributors first share their valuable perspectives by discussing the roles of the metaverse. Subsequently, the invited contributors discuss their views on vital opportunities, challenges and research agenda concerning the metaverse.Originality/valueWith the widespread metaverse, it is expected that each key area identified is likely to undergo significant levels of disruption. Against this backdrop, this paper contributes to the academic literature and industry by gathering different perspectives from invited contributors on the relevance of the metaverse in marketing and logistics domains.
Life Sciences Education has become increasingly important in today's rapidly changing world, as it equips students with the knowledge and skills needed to tackle complex global challenges in various ...biology fields. With the emergence of Web 3.0 and Artificial Intelligence (AI), numerous opportunities exist to revolutionize Life Sciences Education and enhance student learning. However, integrating these technologies into traditional teaching methods poses significant challenges. This paper aims to explore the opportunities and challenges of Web 3.0 and AI in Life Sciences Education and provide recommendations for successful integration. The opportunities of Web 3.0 and AI in Life Sciences Education include enhanced personalized learning, increased engagement, access to vast amounts of data, and innovative assessment strategies. However, ethical concerns related to AI, integration with traditional teaching methods, training and professional development for educators, and cost and accessibility issues are among the challenges. The paper also provides case studies of successful implementation and recommendations for addressing ethical concerns, professional development, funding and accessibility, and collaboration between educators and technology experts. The paper concludes with implications for future research and practice in Life Sciences Education.
•To comprehend the significance of Metaverse in firms business.•Emerging technologies like AI and Blockchain impact in Metaverse environemnt.•The use of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality ...(VR) with blockchain technology and AI in simulated environments and digital personas influences businesses to become sustainable.•The metaverse helps an organization create value and improves customer relationship management.
The metaverse as a hyper-connected digital cosmos, holds great potential for reshaping the future of business and consumer interactions in a world where different virtual realities blend into one another. The potential of the metaverse is growing because more people are spending time and doing business in digital spaces. Firms are also investing heavily for developing technologies for the metaverse. Digital technologies like artificial intelligence, virtual reality and blockchain are being utilised in metaverse ecosystems to improve user experiences. This study undertakes a literature review to understand the influence of emerging technologies in shaping the functional blocks of the metaverse environment by analysing 70 papers. Findings are reported in technology themes as well as functional themes. Currently functional research in metaverse is limited. Further this editorial presents a strong research agenda for future studies when the focus on metaverse ecosystems.
