The Mukhrino field station has participated in the national project on the inventory of carbon fluxes and pools in the terrestrial ecosystems of Russia since 2022. The development of a network of ...measurements of COsub.2 fluxes and phytomass covered six types of bog ecosystems typical to Western Siberia. The gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) of the field-layer vegetation (medians for the period from the end of May to the end of July, mgC msup.−2 hsup.−1; see errors in Results section) decreased in series: Sphagnum bog with sparse low pine trees ("Open bog"), ridges in ridge-hollow patterned bogs ("Ridge"), pine-dwarf shrub-Sphagnum bog ("Tall ryam"), hollows in patterned bogs ("S.hollow", "E.hollow") and pine-dwarf shrub-Sphagnum bog ("Ryam"): −220, −200, −125, −120, −109 and −86, respectively. Ecosystem respiration (Rsub.eco) here was 106, 106, 182, 55, 97 and 136. The aboveground and belowground phytomass of mosses in this series varied between 368 ± 106-472 ± 184 and 2484 ± 517-6041 ± 2079 g/msup.2, respectively: the aboveground phytomass of vascular plants and plant litter-15 ± 7-128 ± 95 and 10 ± 6-128 ± 43, respectively. According to the results of mathematical modeling, the best proxy for GEE, in addition to photosynthetically active radiation and soil surface temperature, was the aboveground phytomass of vascular plants (Phsub.V), and for Rsub.eco-Phsub.V and the mass of the plant litter of vascular plants.
Les zones humides de la région de Tanger-Tétouan hébergent une avifaune nicheuse, résidente et migiatrice diversifiée. La plupart de ces environnements sont urbanisés suite an développement ...socio-économique et démographique de la région. Cette étude s’est fixée conune objectif de mettre en exergue le rôle des environnements humides urbains et périurbains de la plaine de Martil (Tétouan) dans la reproduction des oiseaux. L’étude a été réalisée durant deux ans. selon la technique de comptage sur site fixe et des visites hebdomadaires. Tons les indices de reproduction sont notés (poussins, nids, parade nuptiale, défense du territoire, plumage nuptiale, ramassage du matériel pour la construction du nid). Les résultats ont montré que ces environnements jorient des rôles dans la reproduction de 38 espèces appartenant à 16 families. Cette avifaune compte deux espèces vulnérables inscrites sur la liste rouge de l’UICN, une espèce en déclin, une espèce en danger, une espèce quasi-menacé inscrite sur la liste rouge de l’UICN et qui a un statut défavorable au niveau mondial ainsi que plusieurs espèces patrimoniales pour le Maroc. Ces domiées soulignent l’intérêt de conserver et de restaurer les zones humides urbaines de la plaine de Martil.
The wetlands in the Tanger-Tetouan region host a diverse range of nesting, resident, and migratory avifauna. Many of these environments have become urbanized due to the region’s socio-economic and demographic development. This study aims to highlight the role of urban and peri-urban wetlands in the Martil Plain (Tétouan) in supporting bird reproduction. The study was conducted over two years using fixed-site counting and weekly visits. All reproductive indices were recorded, including chicks, nests, courtship displays, territory defense, nuptial plumage, and nest-building material collection. The results revealed that these environments support the reproduction of 38 bird species belonging to 16 families. Among them, there are two vulnerable species listed on the IUCN Red List, one declining species, one endangered species, and one near-threatened species listed on the IUCN Red List with an unfavorable status globally, as well as several species of conservation significance for Morocco. These findings underscore the importance of conserving and restoring urban wetlands in the Martil Plain.
Richly illustrated and packed with numerous examples, this unique global perspective introduces wetland ecology from basic principles to advanced applications. Thoroughly revised and reorganised, ...this new edition of this prize-winning textbook begins with underlying causal factors, before moving on to more advanced concepts that add depth and context. Each chapter begins with an explanation of the basic principles covered, illustrated with clear examples. More difficult concepts and exceptions are introduced only once the general principle is well-established. Key principles are now discussed at the beginning of the book, and in order of relative importance, enabling students to understand the most important material without wading through complex theory. New chapters on wetland restoration and wetland services draw upon practical examples from around the world, providing a global context, and a new chapter on research will be particularly relevant to the advanced student planning their own studies.
While many wetlands form along floodplains of rivers, streams, lakes, and estuaries, others have developed in depressions far removed from such waters. Depressional wetlands completely surrounded by ...upland have traditionally been called “isolated wetlands.” Isolated wetlands are not confined to basins, as some occur on broad flats and others form on slopes. The term “geographically isolated wetlands” better describes these wetlands, since many are hydrologically connected to other wetlands and waterbodies through ground-water flows or by intermittent overflows (spillovers). Numerous types of geographically isolated wetlands occur throughout the United States. They may be naturally formed or the result of human action. Naturally formed types include prairie pothole wetlands, playas, Nebraska's Rainwater Basin and Sandhills wetlands, West Coast vernal pools, sinkhole wetlands, Carolina bays, interdunal and intradunal wetlands, desert springs, terminal basins in the Great Basin, and kettle-hole bogs in glaciated regions. Human-caused isolated types may be intentionally built, such as ponds designed for various purposes and wetlands built on mined lands, or they may be accidentially created (e.g., natural wetlands that were once connected to rivers and streams but are now isolated by roads, railroads, and other development or isolated by altered river hydrology). Many of the functions and benefits attributed to non-isolated wetlands are present in isolated wetlands.
At a time when more than half of the U.S. population lives within fifty miles of the coast, tidal wetlands are a critical and threatened natural resource. The purpose of this book is to introduce the ...world of tidal wetlands to students and professionals in the environmental fields and others with an interest in the subject. Illustrated with maps, photographs, and diagrams, this volume provides a clear account of the factors that make these habitats unique and vulnerable. It discusses their formation, the conditions affecting their plant and animal life, and the diversity of types across North America, as well as their history, use by wildlife and humans, current status, conservation, restoration, and likely future. The emphasis is on vegetated wetlands—marshes and swamps—with additional discussion of eelgrass meadows, rocky shores, beaches, and tidal flats. Ralph Tiner’s previous field guides to coastal wetland plants in the Northeast and Southeast have been widely praised. Tidal Wetlands Primer joins Tiner’s earlier publications as an authoritative and userfriendly guide that should appeal to anyone with a serious interest in coastal habitats.
Wetland Systems covers broad water and environmental engineering aspects relevant for the drainage and treatment of storm water and wastewater. It provides a descriptive overview of complex 'black ...box' treatment systems and the general design issues involved. Standard and novel design recommendations for predominantly constructed wetlands and related sustainable drainage systems are given to take into account the interests of professional engineers and environmental scientists. Wetland Systems deals comprehensively with not only the design, operation, maintenance and water quality monitoring of traditional and novel wetland systems, but also covers: - Analysis of asset performance - Modelling of treatment processes - Performances of existing infrastructure - Sustainability and economic issues Solutions to pressing water quality problems associated with constructed treatment wetlands, integrated constructed wetlands, farm constructed wetlands and storm water ponds, and other sustainable biological filtration and treatment technologies linked to public health engineering are explained. Case study topics are diverse: natural wetlands and constructed treatment wetlands, sustainable water management, and specific applications, such as wetlands treating hydrocarbons. The research projects discussed are multi-disciplinary, holistic, experimental and modelling-orientated. Wetland Systems is a useful reference for the design and operation of wetland systems by engineers and scientists working for the water industry, non-governmental organisations, local authorities and governmental bodies. It is also a valuable text for undergraduate and postgraduate students, lecturers and researchers in civil and environmental engineering fields.
