Purpose. The article deals with analyzing potential neologisms in the English language for the period of 2021–2022, aiming to establish their relevance to a certain part of speech, determine their ...thematic focus and describe the most productive ways of creating potential neologisms in modern English.
Methodology. The basic research methods of this work are the method of continuous sampling from a lexicographic source; semantic and word-formation analysis of dictionary definitions; the method of statistical data analysis.
Results. Vocabulary, being the most mobile component of the language, constantly reacts to the processes and phenomena of the surrounding reality by creating new lexical units designed to replace traditional speech patterns, to conceptualize new phenomena of reality. The vast majority of potential lexemes are nouns or phrases in which the main role belongs to this particular part of speech, proving that the main function of new word formations is nominative. The analysis made it possible to identify 17 thematic groups, which include potential neologisms: “climate, the environment”, “society”, “medicine and diseases”, “technologies”, “work”, “hobbies, recreation, entertainment”, “sports and healthy lifestyle”, “business”, “food and drinks”, “housing, building and architecture”, “transport”, “literature, music, art”, “clothing, jewellery, fashion”, “crime”, “animals”, “education”, “space”. The study also showed that the most productive ways of forming new lexical units are compounding, merging and affixing, while reduction turned out to be a little less common, and conversion, borrowing and onomatopoeia proved to be the least productive.
Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in the field of lexicology and lexicography, stylistics and translation practice, as well as in the practice of language teaching.
This study is devoted to the study of the implementation features of derivational mechanisms for modeling occasional vocabulary in the Russian-language media space. On the example of language units, ...which include the prepositive component de-, the semantic and grammatical features of occasional units implemented in the current media space are established. The material for the study was the texts of electronic newspapers, magazines, news agencies for the period from 2020 to the present, as well as forums, chats, blogs, political illustrations related to research topics. As a result of the study, a wide range of language units with a prepositive component de- was established, expanding their meaning in the texts of modern media. Thematic groups are identified and described, thematic groups organized by language units with the prepositive component de- are established, their contextual meaning and semantic-pragmatic features of implementation in the current media space are determined.
M. Silvia Micheli, La formazione delle parole. Italiano e altre lingue Word-formation. Italian and other languages. Rome: Carocci Editore, 2020, pp. 238. ISBN 978-88-290-0311-2.
Extra-grammatical morphology is a hitherto neglected area of research, highly marginalised because of its irregularity and unpredictability. Yet many neologisms in English are formed by means of ...extra-grammatical mechanisms, such as abbreviation, blending and reduplication, which therefore deserve both greater attention and more systematic study. This book analyses such phenomena. Elisa Mattiello, University of Pisa, Italy.
This article is a tribute to an outstanding researcher, mentor, and personality that was Kazan Federal University Professor Vera Alekseevna Kosova. Her most interesting and important scientific ...publications from “Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki” (Proceedings of Kazan University. Humanities Series”) are considered. Before her untimely death in 2021, V.A. Kosova devoted more than 20 years to collaborating with the journal and played an active role in its history. Here, the above-mentioned articles are reviewed in chronological order, thereby casting light on the evolution of V.A Kosova’s research interests. The subject of her works, the methods applied, and the major conclusions are briefly analyzed. It is shown that the articles under consideration develop V.A. Kosova’s derivatological concept, which concerns the problems of word-formation categories and the effectiveness of the onomasiological approach to the study of word-formation semantics. Notably, this concept has been considered to be of high scientific relevance by many researchers. The articles also contain invaluable data on V.A. Kosova’s methodological approach to the analysis of word-formation phenomena.
The case study concentrates on a lexical adaptation of the nouns
and
in the Slovak language. The processes of borrowing and subsequent adaptation are analysed in accordance with the theory of lexical ...motivation (TLM). Lexical adaptation represents a process on the basis of which a loanword is incorporated into the system of the borrowing language (L2), i.e. serving as an underlying, motivating word for coining new lexemes, and thus generates a
(
). The concept of the nomination family is based on the understanding of the term word-formation nest, commonly used in derivatology. The nomination family is a cluster of all lexemes (single-word, or multi-word expressions), which are grouped around the initial, underlying, motivating loanword on the basis of formal and semantical relationships. The nomination family of the loanwords
and
is substantial, and includes more than 200 entries. Both initial lexemes (
,
) are taken from English (using the terminology of TLM, the concept of interlingual motivation is employed) while the nomination relationship – abbreviation (
→
) has been transferred from L1 to L2. The word
is thus polymotivated, its formation can be viewed in a twofold way: (a) as a loanword it has been borrowed from L1 (interlingual motivation), (b) as an abbreviation it has been formed from
(abbreviation motivation). A number of entries have been taken over and integrated at the same time (e.g.
,
,
,
etc.) into the
nomination family in the Slovak language. The impact of word-formation is extraordinarily evident in the formation from the word
, cf. words denoting male and female persons (
,
), adjectives (
,
), verbs (
), and notably compounds and their derivatives (
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, etc.). Even though almost half of derivatives can be classified as nonce-formations, this kind of word-formation manifests a huge potentiality of word-formation motivation in the Slovak language. Moreover, a significant place in the
nomination family is held by multiword expressions such as
‚political blog‘,
‚travel blog‘. In addition, competition between multi-word expressions and semantically identical compounds (
) is rare. A complex notion to be denominated is predominantly expressed either by means of a multi-word expression (
‚financial blog‘,
‚book blog‘), or a compound (
,
).
The research conducted on language of children with intellectual disability (ID) shows that they exhibit language dysfunctions on every level of language. Up to now, literature did not include ...linguistic studies concerning issues of wordbuilding in the language consciousness of pre-school children with intellectual disability. The objective of the article is the assessment of the level of wordbuilding competences of a child at pre-school age with minor intellectual disability (MID) concerning the creation and comprehension of nominal derivates in the area of selected wordbuildin categories (case study). In addition, the author wishes to stress that the assessment of the level of wordbuilding competences should be a component on comprehensive logopaedic diagnosis.
This volume brings together contributions whose aim is to discuss the nature of paradigms in derivational morphology and compounding in the light of evidence from various languages.
Language changes over time due to social and cultural factors. These changes are evident through language varieties such as standard and non-standard languages, dialects, accents, and registers. This ...research focuses on one type of language variation, namely slang. Slang words show that language is constantly changing. For example, there are many new slang words that emerge and old ones that are no longer used or replaced. Slang also reflects people’s creativity because through slang we can see how someone can be very creative in making new words or modifying existing words. This research aims to identify the slang words that appear in the comments section of the TikTok during June to December 2022 and analyze the word formation process of each slang found. The authors used the qualitative descriptive method in order to present the data thoroughly. This study found that there were 39 slang words that appeared repeatedly and there were six most common word formation processes found in TikTok comments, namely blending, clipping, borrowing, acronym, affixation, and multiple processes. The most frequent processes are blending and clipping. The least frequent word formation processes are affixation and borrowing.
Bien qu’elle témoigne d’une importante mobilisation gouvernementale et sociétale, la lutte contre le changement climatique se double d’une controverse qui, depuis le début des années 2000, a donné ...naissance à plus de 300 néologismes pour désigner les deux camps qui s’opposent. Cet article brosse un portrait de cet ensemble de néologismes et décrit le contexte général dans lequel ils sont apparus.
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