•A Wasserstein distance-based weighted domain adversarial neural network (WD-WDANN) is proposed for RUL prediction.•Adaptive sample weights are utilized fully in the process of feature extraction and ...feature alignment to optimize specifically for a target domain.•Wasserstein distance has been introduced to solve the theoretical risk of gradient explosion.•Transfer learning based on the WD-WDANN has been effectively validated in the RUL prediction.
Various transfer learning methods have been applied in the remaining useful life estimation of bearings to reduce the data distribution discrepancy under different working conditions. However, the transferability of the sample (i.e., the sample quality) is always ignored. Low-quality samples caused by noise and outliers inevitably exist in the industrial data, which may negatively affect feature extraction and alignment. This article proposes a Wasserstein distance-based weighted domain adversarial neural network to utilize sample quality which is measured by the domain classifier. The feature extractor tends to learn the representations from the samples with cross-domain similarity. Feature alignment is fine-tuned according to the sample weights. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using IEEE PHM Challenge 2012 dataset. The comparison results prove the features extracted from the proposed approach are more domain-invariant.
The state of the nation Massey, Lisa
Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England,
06/2023, Letnik:
105, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Associate Editor Lisa Massey reflects on the impact of the recent industrial strike action, and what this means for the surgical profession moving forward.
Lors d'une étude sur l'expérience du travail durant la crise sanitaire, le concept d'épreuve s'est imposé. Il permet de penser la diversité des expériences et parcours, en soulignant les aspects de ...défià surmonter, de mise à l'épreuve, d'expérience éprouvante et existentielle. L'importance de l'épreuve dans l'expérience et le travail a été conceptualisée notamment par Martuccelli, Boltanski et Pezé ; plus récemment Rosanvallon a mis en valeur le rôle des émotions et des attentes que suscitent les épreuves. Les crises rendent plus visibles et plus aigües certaines épreuves, et mettent en évidence une dimension grandissante du management : celle de contribuer à faire face à des épreuves qui le mettent à l'épreuve et le contraignent à se transformer.
In this article, we examine how remote gig workers in Africa exercise agency to earn and sustain their livelihoods in the gig economy. In addition to the rewards reaped by gig workers, they also face ...significant risks, such as precarious working conditions and algorithmic workplace monitoring, thus constraining workers’ autonomy and bargaining power. Gig workers, as a result, are expected to have fewer opportunities to exert their agency – particularly so for workers in Africa, where the high proportion of informal economy and a lack of employment opportunities in local labour markets already constrain workers’ ability to earn livelihoods. Instead, we demonstrate how remote workers in Africa manage various constraints on one of the world’s biggest gig economy platforms through their diverse everyday resilience, reworking and resistance practices (after Katz, 2004). Drawing from a rich labour geography tradition, which considers workers to ‘actively produce economic spaces and scales’, our main theoretical contribution is to offer a reformulation of Katz’s notions of ‘resistance’, ‘resilience’ and ‘reworking’ as everyday practices of gig workers best understood as ‘hidden transcripts’ of the gig economy (Scott, 1990). The article draws on in-depth interviews (N=65) conducted with remote workers during the fieldwork in five selected African countries.
In practical industrial applications, the working conditions of machinery are changing with long-term operation, and the health status is declining with the degradation of crucial components. When ...the working condition changes, prior diagnosis models cannot be generalized from one condition to another. To solve this challenging issue, in this article a robust weight-shared capsule network (WSCN) is introduced for intelligent fault diagnosis of machinery under varying working conditions. First, taking raw accelerometer signals as inputs, one-dimensional convolutional neural network is constructed to extract discriminative characteristics. Second, various capsule layers based on multistacked weight-shared capsules are developed to enhance the generalization performance for further fault classification. Finally, margin loss function as well as agreement-based dynamic routing algorithm are employed to optimize the WSCN. In this article, two diagnosis cases are carried out to demonstrate the generalization performance of the WSCN which obtains higher accuracy under varying working conditions than that of other state-of-the-art methods.
Objectives In cross sectional studies, relationships between perceived stressors and self-reported health are suspected of mono-method bias related to negative affectivity. The purpose of this work ...was to test if work organisational characteristics (WOC) reported by managers were related to psychological distress (PD) reported by call-handlers, taking into account their perception of work conditions (perceived strain) and usual individual confounders. Method Managers of 107 call-centres were queried by occupational physicians on their call-centres’ WOC. 4002 call-handlers (2,929 women were considered here) of these call-centres completed self-reported questionnaires in order to evaluate perceived work strain (Karasek and Siegrist questionnaires) and PD (12-items General Health Questionnaire). A 2-level analysis tested the relationships between 14 WOC and PD score, with and without adding perceived strain as confounder, assuming that unchanged coefficients between WOC and PD score flag a direct effect of WOC on psychological distress. We also analysed perceived strain as an effect modificator for WOC using interactions. Results Five of 14 WOC were significantly related to the PD score: type of calls, call-centre size, number of activity parameters displayed on screen, instructions for client relationships, and required control role of supervisor. In adding perceived strain, the relationship only remained for the type of call. Conclusions Main results of this study are (1) existence of relationships between WOC reported by managers and psychological distress reported by call-handlers (2) most of effects of WOC are moderated by the perception of work strain.
Le secteur agricole au Maroc repose fortement sur la main-d’œuvre féminine, jouant un rôle crucial dans la production et apportant une expertise spécifique. Cependant, malgré leurs contributions ...inestimables, les ouvrières agricoles font face à des conditions de travail pénibles et à des défis environnementaux menaçant leur santé et leur bien-être. L’objectif principal de cette recherche est de dévoiler les contraintes auxquelles elles sont confrontées, mettant en lumière divers aspects tels que les longues heures de travail, les environnements physiquement exigeants et les risques pour la santé dus aux changements climatiques et aux engrais industriels. Il est également important de comprendre et d’analyser les stéréotypes de genre qui peuvent influencer ces conditions de travail. Afin d’éviter de considérer ce groupe de femmes comme une entité homogène, cette étude adopte une approche microsociologique basée sur l’observation directe des ouvrières dans les champs et les exploitations, ainsi que des entretiens semi-directifs. L’objectif est d’observer de près les ouvrières et d’écouter leurs discours pour mieux comprendre leur expérience et les conditions dans lesquelles elles travaillent. Les résultats de l’étude confirment que, en plus des différenciations genrées dans l’espace et des représentations stigmatisantes de leur entourage, les ouvrières sont confrontées à des obstacles d’accès et d’exercice de leur travail, ainsi qu’à des conséquences néfastes sur leur santé et leur bien-être découlant de leur environnement de travail.
The agricultural sector in Morocco heavily relies on female labor, playing a crucial role in production and providing specific expertise. However, despite their invaluable contributions, female agricultural workers face arduous working conditions and environmental challenges that threaten their health and well-being. The main objective of this research is to unveil the constraints they encounter, shedding light on various aspects such as long working hours, physically demanding environments, and health risks due to climate change and industrial fertilizers. It is also important to understand and analyze gender stereotypes that may influence these working conditions. To avoid considering this group of women as a homogeneous entity, this study adopts a microsociological approach based on direct observation of the workers in the fields and farms, as well as semi-structured interviews. The aim is to closely observe the female workers and listen to their narratives to better understand their experiences and the conditions in which they work. The study’s findings confirm that, in addition to gender differentiations in space and stigmatizing representations from their surroundings, female workers face access and exercise barriers in their work and suffer detrimental consequences to their health and well-being resulting from their working environment.
•A hybrid cooling system is proposed for lithium-ion battery pack in EVs.•Cooling effect and energy consumption of the hybrid system are tested.•Hybrid system reduces Tmax to 29.6 °C and ΔT to 1.6 °C ...in dynamic working condition.•Desired thermal performance is achieved with a 62% reduction in energy consumption.
Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used to propel electric vehicles (EVs) owing to their high energy density, long lifespan, and high stability. However, the inevitable battery heat generation, particularly when there is a rapid increase in power under dynamic working conditions, threatens the safety and performance of EVs. In this study, we develop a hybrid battery thermal management system incorporating micro heat pipe arrays, convective air, and intermittent spray water. The heat pipes siphon the heat from the inside of the battery pack to the outside, and convective air dissipates heat during the normal operation of the EVs, while further cooling is achieved via intermittent spray water at high-power operations. For a 75 Ah lithium-ion battery pack under dynamic working conditions, the proposed hybrid system enables the maximum temperature to be reduced to 29.6°C and the temperature non-uniformity to be 1.6°C, which are 21% and 57% lower than those of thermal management systems without water spraying functions, respectively. Additionally, the energy consumption of the hybrid thermal management system is 4.9 Wh, only accounting for 1.8% of the total battery pack power capacity. Given these advantages, it is expected that the proposed thermal management system is a promising tool to address the practical thermal problems of lithium-ion battery packs used in EVs.
To those in power, for what it’s worth: listen to the voices of doctors and the concerns they raise. The rebel in me loves to see protest against an unfair system and, with a relative degree of ...privilege, I’m happy to help with a bit of levelling the power dynamics where possible. Examples exist of senior medical staff trying to silence juniors by using power dynamics or gaslighting them with the appearance of being kind.
PDF
