V članku je obravnavana zgodnja slovenščina, tj. južnoslovanski jezik v vzhodnoalpskem in zahodnopanonskem prostoru, ki se je v 11. in 12. stoletju razprostiral od Donave na severu do Jadrana na ...jugu in roba Panonske nižine na vzhodu. Prikazan je zemljepisni obseg slovanskega jezikovnega prostora v Vzhodnih Alpah, kakor se kaže predvsem v pisnih virih od konca 6. do vključno 12. stoletja. Na osnovi jezikoslovne analize v virih dokumentiranih zemljepisnih in osebnih imen so določene jezikovne lastnosti zgodnje slovenščine, in sicer v prvi vrsti v razmerju do tedaj zemljepisno stičnih slovanskih geolektov na severu (poznejši češčina in slovaščina) in jugu (poznejša čakavščina).
Settlement names are the type of geographical names or toponyms that people come across most often. In Slovenia, their unification or standardization is handled by the Commission for Standardization ...of Geographical Names of the Government of the Republic of Slovenia, which is based at the Anton Melik Geographical Institute of the Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. The Commission operates mainly on the basis of UN resolutions on geographical names, Slovenian orthography and Slovenian legislation on geographical names, and publishes standardized geographical names in standardization documents (such as maps and gazetteers) and online on the Surveying and Mapping Authority of the Republic of Slovenia. There are more than 6,000 settlement names in Slovenia, a fifth of which are disputed for various reasons and should be corrected.The book ('Disputed names of settlements in Slovenia') first discusses basic terms in the field of geographical names, especially settlement names, then describes the methodology for determining disputed settlement name in Slovenia and proposes corrected names of disputed names, and finally presents standardized names on maps at a scale of 1: 1,000,000 and 1:250,000 and in the Register of Geographical Names or REZI, which is the largest database of geographical names in Slovenia.
Skozi zgodovino je človek oblikoval bogato besedišče, ki poimenuje posamezne geografske pojave in forme krajine, s katerimi je tisočletja živel in jih spoznaval. Ko si človek prisvoji naravno ...krajino, pa ta ne izgine, temveč postane nov habitat, grajeno tkivo, in tako ponuja drugačno paleto pojavov. S tvorjenjem novih izrazov za prostor ozaveščamo svojo urbano okolico ter jo pretvarjamo v zaznavno družbeno krajino. Bogastvo kompleksnega urbanega prostora in mejnih območij med naravnim in grajenim ostaja v veliki meri nepoimenovano. Cesta, ulica, avenija, stolpnica, trg – do sem naša jezikovna in kognitivna sposobnost še sežeta. Kaj pa vse majhne variacije, ki jih zaznamujejo in razločujejo med seboj? Kako bi ti označevalci vplivali na našo percepcijo prostora mesta? Članek s pomočjo analize načinov generiranja sodobne urbane krajine ter procesov poimenovanja prostora razišče prostorsko besedotvorje kot potencialno možnost vzgajanja pomenljive povezave med uporabnikom in mestom ter kot orodje reapropriacije mestnega prostora.
The volume Historični seminar 13 ('Historical Seminar 13') offers a selection of articles that have been “filtered” through the cycle of lectures over the past two years. These articles were written ...by ten researchers from Slovenia, Austria, Croatia, and Germany. Historični seminar 13 continues to examine its origin in the humanities by looking at history and describing the past, with perspectives that are also directed toward other disciplines: geography, comparative literature, ethnomusicology, and cultural anthropology. However, it always maintains a critical distance, which is emphasized in various ways because many of the articles question previous assumptions of past studies and their subjective points of departure. In this manner, this volume makes an important contribution to critical thought about scholarship in general and about the future tasks of the humanities and the social sciences. At the same time, it adds an increasingly current ethical touch to much of its material. Historični seminar 13 is freely available online.
Obcina Codroipo obsega danes poleg samega Codroipa se trinajst naselij, od tega kar osem s slovanskimi imeni: Beano (< *Beljane), Biauzzo (< *Blaguc), Goricizza (< *Goricica), Iutizzo (< *Ljutice), ...Lonca (< *Loka), Passariano (< *Preserjane), Rividischia (< *Robidisce), Zompicchia (< *Cepice). Neslovanska so: Muscletto, Pozzo, Rivolto, San Martino, San Pietro. Taksna koncentracija slovanskih krajevnih imen kaze na strnjeno slovansko poselitev tega dela Furlanije v srednjem veku, zgodnja datacija obstoja naselja s slovanskim imenom *Blaguc pa omogoca domnevo, da je do te poselitve prislo ze v casu pred ogrskimi vpadi, torej najmanj ze v 9. stoletju, ce ne celo ze v 8. stoletju. S tem se postavlja pod vprasaj teza zgodovinarjev (Franc in Milko Kos, Ljudmil Hauptman idr.), v skladu s katero je mirna slovenska kolonizacija v ravninski Furlaniji potekala sele v drugi polovici 10. in v 11. stoletju, potem ko so prenehala ogrska pustosenja (Kos 1985: 179). Zaradi sovpada lat. priponskega obrazila -anum in slovanskega obrazila -jane v sodobno obrazilo -ano oz. -ana so tako italijanski kot slovenski jezikoslovci doslej stevilna krajevna imena v Furlaniji in na slovenskem zahodnem robu zmotno razlagali kot romanska predialna imena, nastala iz osebnih imen rimskih veleposestnikov, ceprav so to izvorno slovanska imena na -jane (Torkar 2007a). Stevilo doslej neprepoznanih (staro)slovenskih toponimov v Furlaniji je zato znatno vecje, s tem pa tudi gostota in obseg nekdanje slovanske poselitve v Furlaniji.3 Za slovansko naselitev v Furlaniji pred ogrskimi vpadi sicer prica tudi tpn Cervignano, izprican ze v listini iz l. 912 kot Cerveniana, ki ga po vsej verjetnosti smemo rekonstruirati kot *...venjane (Torkar 2007a: 485). Koroska slovenska vas z gornjim imenom bi morala l. 2011 prejeti dvojezicni napis. Pri dolocitvi slovenskega dela napisa se je zapletlo, ker so uradni predstavniki slovenske manjsine vztrajali pri poknjizeni obliki Podsinja vas, kot jo je dolocil P. Zdovc (1993: 76, 2008: 93, 2010: 87), del domacinov in drugih predstavnikov manjsine pa se je zavzemal za obliko Psinja vas, ki je veliko blizja zivi ljudski izreki (Psinja ves). Prvi so svoje stalisce utemeljevali s trditvijo, da je danasnja narecna oblika nastala iz prvotne oblike *Podsinja vas, ker da, skupaj z Bistrico v Rozu, lezi pod planoto, imenovano Sine, nem. Sinach. Nemsko ime Hundsdorf je po njihovem mnenju napacen prevod slovenske narecne oblike Psinja ves, nastal pa naj ne bi toliko zaradi nerazumevanja kot zaradi posmehovanja. Proti tej razlagi govorita dva tehtna razloga: a) nem. ime Hundsdorf se pojavlja ze v viru iz l. 1216 (Hundesdorf ), ko slovenscina se ni poznala pojava vokalne redukcije, zaradi katere naj bi domnevna *Podsinja vas postala Psinja vas, b) ce bi izvirno ime res bilo *Podsinja vas, bi bila narecna oblika danes *Posinja vas, saj samoglasnik o v takih primerih ne izpade, enako kot v koroskih slovenskih krajevnih imenih Pogorje, Postrazisce, Poturje, ki so nastala iz *Podgorje, *Podstrazisce, *Podturje. Nobenega dvoma ni, da je knjizna oblika Podsinja vas rezultat ljudske etimologije, saj temelji na umisljeni ekstralingvisticni predpostavki. Prvic se pojavi v seznamu koroskih krajevnih imen iz l. 1918, nato pa se v seznamih iz let 1970 in 1982 (Zdovc 1993: 229). Prej, npr. 1894, je izpricana oblika Psinja ves (Specijalni repertorij 1894: 17), v seznamih 1905, 1945 in 1963 Psinja ves, 1972 Psinja vas (Zdovc 1993: 229). Prebivalci Psinje vasi so Psinjcici, pridevnik je psinjski (Zdovc 1993: 76). Ime planote Sine je o.itno rezultat podobne onemitve vzglasnega p- (iz *Psine) kot pri tpn Sarsko (iz *Psarsko). Podstava obeh imen . Sine (< *Psinje brdo) in Psinja vas . je *psina, 'kraj, kjer je veliko psov'. Na enak na.in so iz ustreznih apelativov tvorjeni toponimi Kozina (< *kozina 'kraj, kjer je veliko koz', 'kozji pa.nik'), Pol.ina (< pol.ina 'pol.ja luknja'), Krtina (< krtina 'manj.i kup zemlje, ki ga izrije krt'), *Ov.ina, danes Ewixen v Dolnji Avstriji (< *ov.ina 'ov.ji pa.nik'), in Ov.ina, kraj v Srbiji, *Bi.ina, danes Feischsen v Dolnji Avstriji (< *by.ina 'pa.nik za bike'), in By.ina, vas na .e.kem, ter Bi.ine, vas na Hrva.kem, *.abina danes Saffen v Dolnji Avstriji (< *.abina '.abji potok') (Georg Holzer 2001: 54, 56, 92), Vrbina (< vrbina 'vrbovo grmovje, drevje'). Priimek Adlesic je mogoce pojasniti na podlagi medjezikovne nemsko-slovanske glasovne substitucije. Obmocje vasi Adlesici je spadalo k zemljiskemu gospostvu Pobrezje (nem. Freyenthurn), ustanovljenemu sredi 16. stoletja (Kos 1991: 64). Glede na to, da nedalec od Kolpe, v Dugi Resi na Hrvaskem, se obstaja redek priimek Arlesic,12 lahko sklepamo, da je priimek Adlesic nastal iz prvotne oblike *Orlesic v pisarni nemskega zemljiskega gospoda v Pobrezju z bavarsko asimilacijo rl > dl in nemsko substitucijo srbskohrvaskega vzglasnega o z a. O bavarski asimilaciji rl > dl pise Ramovs (1924: 225), ki poleg bavarske asimilacije rn > dn za tpn Mirna pec (nemski pisar je to ime slisal kot Medna pec in ga zato prevedel v Hönigstein) navaja tudi asimilacijo nem. Stern v kor. nem. stedn, Kerl v khedl, Arling v adlin (sklicuje se na knjigo J. Schatza, Altbairische Grammatik, par. 72). Priimek *Orlesic je nastal kot patronimik iz vzdevka *Orlesa ali *Orles, ta pa iz obcnega imena orlesa, ki se v razlicnih hrvaskih in srbskih narecjih uporablja za kokos, raco oz. kozo, ali orles, ki je pokrajinska hrvaska ali srbska oznaka za orla.13 Primerljivo s ponemcenjem priimka *Orlesic v Adleschitsch je ponemcenje uskoskega priimka Culibrk v Culiberg (Terseglav 1996: 26). V urbarju za gospostvo Vinica iz leta 1674 zasledimo ta priimek zapisan kot Zulliwerkho (Kos 1991: 470).
The scientific monograph Rudolf Badjura – Life and Work was co-written by eleven experts from different fields, which shows that Rudolf Badjura was an extremely versatile person. He was born on 17th ...April 1881 in Litija. Between 1903 and 1905, after graduating from secondary school in Ljubljana, he performed military service in the infantry regiment of that time. In 1905 he attended a secondary school leaving examination course at the German trade academy in Prague, where he also joined the local mountaineering group. On his return to Ljubljana, he was first employed at the farmers' savings bank (“Kmetijska posojilnica”), and he later worked in the accountancy department of the wood dealer Hieng. Until his retirement, he was employed at the Carniola regional council. His work formed an integral part of his life, especially with regard to skiing and leisure activities in nature. In addition, he wrote tourist guides and collected folk terminology and geographical names, with particular focus on Slovene culture. Badjura's life was also heavily influenced by the first world war and his military career. His bibliographic opus consists of more than 60 units.
Na sedanjem slovenskem etničnem prostoru je mogoče prepoznati nad 800 izantroponimnih toponimov slovanskega izvora, pri katerih je distribucija priponskih obrazil drugačna kot pri izapelativnih ...toponimih, ki so v primerjavi s prvimi pogosteje nastali brez izpeljave, z onimizacijo.
This volume (‘Slovenian Country Names’) offers a detailed analysis of naming all independent countries and non-self-govering territories. Alongside the Slovenian short and full names of individual ...political territorial units, the genitive, locative, and adjectival forms of the short names, native short and full forms transliterated into the Roman alphabet (if applicable) or English and French official short and full names of individual territorial political communities, it also contains coded labels, an etymological explanation of the names, notes if needed, any alternative names, archaic names, or nicknames, and demonyms.The volume is organized into three sections. The first is a theoretical and methodological discussion of exonyms, and it also presents the reasons for selected name forms for independent countries and dependent territories. Certain names whose usage is not uniform are presented in greater detail. The second part, in tabular format, is a detailed presentation of the names of 198 independent countries and fifty-one major non-self-govering territories with a high degree of autonomy for which corresponding political decisions could lead to their independence at any time. The third section is cartographic and presents territorial political units on colored maps with borders. The volume will contribute to more correct and more uniform use of country names, and it will be a useful aid for both individuals and institutions dealing with this issue.
Slovenski eksonimi Ciglič, Rok; Hrvatin, Mauro; Kladnik, Drago ...
Geografija Slovenije,
2013
eBook, Book
Odprti dostop
This volume (‘A List of Slovenian Exonyms’) is a contribution to fostering greater consistency in the use of Slovenian exonyms, or geographical names adapted to Slovenian. It provides material for ...their standardization and at the same time ensures that this important aspect of Slovenian will not to sink into oblivion. The volume has three parts. Part one contains theoretical and methodological reflections on exonyms, with an emphasis on explaining basic concepts, the use of exonyms, gathering and selecting them to design a collection of exonyms, and presentation of an analysis of their frequency. It concludes with two chapters that serve as links to the other two parts of the volume. The first presents the format of the table in detail. This table, with a list of the most frequently used exonyms (3,818), comprises the second part of the book and is supplemented by a table with a list of over 350 of the most established alternative exonyms. The third part of the volume contains color maps containing exonyms from the table in part two, arranged by part of the world and divided according to semantic type of exonym.