Resonant PES at the Pr4d and Pr3d absorption edges is used to study the electronic properties at the interface of epitaxial grown Pr_2O_3 on Si(001). At the Si(001) interface in-situ prepared ...epitaxial layers (d < 5nm) enable us to study the contribution of the Pr4f electronic states in the valence band population as a function of layer thickness. We also find a silicate intermediate. In that range (1nm) the weak occupancy of the Pr4f states in the bulk phase of Pr_2O_3 is significantly enhanced. There is an additional 4f state which appears right at the VBM. On the other hand, in the XAS data we find the features of localized Pr4f states to be quenched. We conclude that the silicate causes an enhanced hybridization (covalent bonding) of the Pr4f states into the valence band. In our coverage dependent data the offset in the VB maxima is determined from the relative position of the valence band spectra. The offset of the conduction bands is deduced from the onset of the Si2p and Pr4d XAS data, it is of the order of 2eV again. Our data allow to derive a full description of the interface properties of that high K material, a prerequisite for its possible application in storage, logic, and power electronics.
We report the results of lattice numerical studies of the
S
p
(
4
)
gauge theory coupled to fermions (hyperquarks) transforming in the fundamental and two-index antisymmetric representations of the ...gauge group. This strongly coupled theory is the minimal candidate for the ultraviolet completion of composite Higgs models that facilitate the mechanism of partial compositeness for generating the top-quark mass. We measure the spectrum of the low-lying, half-integer spin, bound states composed of two fundamental and one antisymmetric hyperquarks, dubbed chimera baryons, in the quenched approximation. In this first systematic, nonperturbative study, we focus on the three lightest parity-even chimera-baryon states, in analogy with QCD, denoted as
Λ
CB
,
Σ
CB
(both with spin
1
/
2
), and
Σ
CB
*
(with spin
3
/
2
). The spin-
1
/
2
such states are candidates of the top partners. The extrapolation of our results to the continuum and massless-hyperquark limit is performed using formulas inspired by QCD heavy-baryon Wilson chiral perturbation theory. Within the range of hyperquark masses in our simulations, we find that
Σ
CB
is not heavier than
Λ
CB
.
Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Juvenile steelhead Salmo gairdneri were subjected to three consecutive 2‐min disturbances, separated by 0.5‐h intervals, and then forced to swim at 0.5 body length/s for 1 h in a modified Blazka ...respirometer. Mean oxygen consumption (±SE) was 223 ± 19 mg˙kg−1˙h−1 in the stressed fish and 101 ± 9.7 in unstressed fish. There was no significant correlation between oxygen consumption and fish weight or water temperature within the ranges used (40–150 g and 8–11°C, respectively). Elevated plasma cortisol levels and oxygen consumption rates in stressed fish were positively correlated (r = 0.76). An acute physical stress may adversely affect fish by reducing, by about one‐quarter, the energy available for other activities within the scope for activity of the fish.
Postoperative delirium (POD) following surgery is a prevalent and distressing condition associated with adverse patient outcomes and an increased healthcare burden.
To assess the effectiveness of the ...Safe Brain Initiative care bundle (SBI-CB) in reducing POD in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU).
A multicenter, quality-improvement initiative with retrospective analysis of collected data.
The study was conducted in the operating rooms and postanesthesia care units (PACUs) of four hospitals across Denmark and Turkey.
The convenience sample of patients were aged ≥18 years, scheduled for surgery, and could communicate verbally. Age, sex, preoperative delirium, and the American Society for Anesthesiology physical status classification were used in statistical methods to control for potential confounding influences.
The SBI-CB, 18 delirium-reducing recommendations aligned with international guidelines. The intervention included patient education, staff training, coordination meetings across centers, and a dashboard for the monitoring of outcomes in the PACU.
The primary outcome was the POD trend in the PACU during implementation months, assessed through Nu-DESC screening at up to three time points in the PACU. We also examined the length of hospital stay.
Data were collected from 18,697 adult patients across four hospitals. Initial POD incidence in the PACU after the first three months was 16.36% across all sites (n = 1021). POD in the PACU was observed across all age groups, with peak incidence in younger (18–35 years) and older (>75 years) patients. General anesthesia and longer surgical duration (>1 h) were identified as significant risk factors for POD in the PACU. Matched patients who experienced POD in the PACU had longer stays in hospital, with a mean increase from 35 to 69 h (p < 0.001). Implementation of the SBI-CB was associated with a decreased risk of POD in the PACU for each month of SBI-CB implementation (adjusted odds ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval: 0.94, 0.97, p < 0.001).
The presented pragmatic implementation of a multidisciplinary care bundle, encompassing pre-, intra-, and postoperative measures alongside outcome monitoring, has the potential to significantly reduce the incidence of POD in the PACU. Improved patient outcomes may be achieved for general surgical departments with patient cohorts not typically considered at risk for developing POD.
Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05765162.
•Data was collected for 18,697 adult patients for a quality-improvement initiative implementing 18 care recommendations.•A significant reduction in postoperative delirium risk was observed for 19 months after initiating the care bundle.•Patients with postoperative delirium in the postanesthesia unit stayed nearly twice as long in the hospital.•General anesthesia and surgical duration over one hour were significant risk factors for postoperative delirium.•Postoperative delirium was observed in all adult age groups, with peak incidence in both younger and older adults.
We explore a mechanism for generating the Yukawa hierarchies by displacing the left- and right-handed components of the standard model fermions in a higher-dimensional space. We find a unique ...configuration of displacements which fits all quark and lepton masses and mixing angles, with a prediction for the strange quark mass m{sub s}{sup MS}(2 GeV){approx_equal}(1.19)x(V{sub ub}V{sub cb}/V{sub us}){sup 1/2}xm{sub b}{sup MS}(m{sub b}){approx_equal}120 MeV. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.
碩士
國立高雄科技大學
化學工程與材料工程系
107
Polyphenylene oxide (PPO) was usually used in engineering plastics of IC tray, for this study, we use PPO's compatible property to blend with different carbon black, carbon ...fiber and glass fiber being a reinforcement material, and follow the standard of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) to test blending sample's physical properties. Sample pieces followed ASTM standard were injected from blending materials, and then study by tensile testing, bending test, percentage of elongation, shrinking, and used SEM to observe dispersibility of blending materials. The results show that CF/PPO is better than GF/PP and CB/PPO in rigidity, but the cost is higher than both of them and GF/PPO has good ductility and softness. CB/PPO is worse than both of CF/PPO and GF/PPO in physical properties, because it has a lower specific gravity, but its cost is lower than CF/PPO and GF/PPO, so CB/PPO is quite competitive in price.
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