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Ruseckas, Juozas; Grigaliunas, Vaidotas
Journal of environmental engineering and landscape management, 2008, Letnik: 16, Številka: 4Journal Article
The study was carried out in a raised bog located in the Kamanos state reserve in northwestern Lithuania (56 deg 16'N, 22 deg 39'W). The area of the raised bog is 1722 ha. To assess the effect of meteorological factors and damming of drainage ditches on the water regime of the Kamanos mire, we have analysed the water table depth fluctuations over the last 22 years in the northern part of the mire, which was drained out in 1907, and the drainage ditch was dammed in 1999. The control plots were established in the central part of the raised bog without draining activities, where Eriophorum vaginatum-Sphagnum spp. communities prevail in the ground vegetation and small Scots pine trees may also be found. The results showed that, in both natural and damaged-by-drainage sites of the raised bog, the air moisture deficiency and the amount of precipitation had a significant effect on the fluctuation of the water table depth during the growth period (R2 = 0.416 - 0.761 p < 0.05). In comparison with the control plots, in 7 years after establishing dams in a 0.9-1.2 m deep ditch, the groundwater table increased by 9.8 to 12.2 cm in the area up to 980 m apart from the ditch. After damming the ditches in the extensively and intensively drained parts of the raised bog, the levelling out of the water table to a similar depth as in the control plots, occurred within 4 years and is forecasted to occur within 12 years, respectively. The water table of the drained sites of the raised bog was more sensitive to increasing annual temperatures than the water table in the undrained sites of the raised bog.
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