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Umdu, Emin Selahattin; Seker, Erol
Bioresource technology, 02/2012, Letnik: 106Journal Article
► CaO/Al 2O 3 single step sol–gel made catalysts for sunflower transesterification. ► Sunflower transesterification at 50 °C. ► Basicity and basic strength using CO 2 temperature programmed desorption. ► Volcano plot using turnover frequency and basic strength. ► High turnover frequency does not mean high biodiesel yield at 50 °C. ► 60% CaO/Al 2O 3 has high TOF, 0.028 s −1, but low biodiesel yield, ∼80%. The activities of single step sol–gel made calcium oxide on alumina catalysts were studied as a function of CaO loading, methanol/oil molar ratio and the amount of the catalyst in the transesterification of sunflower oil at 50 °C. Also, the turnover frequency (TOF) of the catalysts was calculated to better understand the relationship between the basicity/basic strength and the catalytic activity. From volcano curve (TOF vs. basic strength), it was found that under 50 °C and methanol/oil molar ratio of 9, 60% CaO/Al 2O 3 had the highest turnover frequency, 0.028 s −1, whereas 85% CaO/Al 2O 3 showed the highest biodiesel yield, ∼96.6%, but TOF obtained on it was 0.012 s −1. It seemed that 60% CaO catalyst had the proper basic strength to obtain the highest TOF.
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JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP |
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