Introduction A systematic delivery approach in pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia could avoid risks to both mother and newborn. A study about these outcomes could guide this practice. Objectives Evaluate epidemiological characteristics and compare maternal and neonatal outcomes in gestations with and without preeclampsia. Methods Prospective study with 40 women was developed in Guilherme Álvaro Hospital- Santos/São Paulo/Brazil (December/2015–May/2016). Study group: 20 women with preeclampsia according to NHBPEP – National High Blood Pressure Education Program (2000), > 37 weeks. Control group: 20 pregnant women with single and live fetus, > 38 weeks, without comorbidities. Exclusion criteria for study group: twin pregnancy, fetal anomalies and gestational age under 37 weeks. Control group exclusion criteria: twin pregnancy, gestational age under 38 weeks, cesarean/ forceps/ induced vaginal delivery and comorbidities. Maternal variables: age, gestational age at delivery, previous pregnancy history, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, length of hospital stay, intensive care unit admission, previous preeclampsia and delivery route. Neonatal variables: birth weight, adequacy weight for gestational age, Apgar score, meconium fluid at delivery, intensive care unit admission, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiopulmonary arrest, jaundice, oxygen therapy and intrahospital mortality. The statistical comparisons were made using Fisher’s exact test and Tukey multiple comparisons method. Data analysis was performed by calculating odds ratio adoption hypothesis and the rejection level of 0,05. Results Comparison between preeclampsia and normal pregnancies in maternal and neonatal outcomes (* = p < 0 , 05 ): Conclusions Preeclampsia is more often associated with maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes when compared to the healthy pregnancies. Women diagnosed with preeclampsia appears to be older, have higher body mass index, longer hospital stay (including intensive care unit) and have previous preeclampsia more often than those without this comorbidity. There is a lack of significance in comparing neonatal outcomes between the systematic delivery approach at 37 weeks and the control groups.