Hannah Arendt, whose comprehension of human beings’ sociability stands in aporia because of oppositionality between preference for elitist political freedom of antiquity and Augustinian egalitarian freedom, inborn to all human beings, warned of omnipresent peril of awakening of new totalitarianisms which destroy sociability and pluralism, as a possible consequence of Modernism’s alienation. That dual theoretical line of arguing determined her interpretation of antique polis as an ideal of political community, and one of separating social from political problems. According to her, Aquinas made a mistake in equating terms politicus and socialis, and Modernism accepts that equation. This can be seen in progressive intrusion of social, economic and technical issues (which requires professional knowledge and professional decision) into political space (that should be generally accessible). Many factors contributed to that situation, i.e. the Protestant Ethic and French Revolution.