In view of the defects and shortcomings of the traditional target detection and tracking algorithm in accurately detecting targets and targets in different scenarios, based on the current research status and technical level of target detection and tracking at home and abroad, this paper proposes a target detection algorithm and tracking method using neural network algorithm, and applies it to the athlete training model. Based on the Alex-Net network structure, this paper designs a three-layer convolutional layer and two layers of fully connected layers. The last layer is used as the input of the SVM classifier, and the target classification result is obtained by the SVM classifier. In addition, this article adds SPP-Layer between the convolutional layer and the fully connected layer, enabling the same dimension of the Feature Map to be obtained before the fully connected layer for different sized input images. The research results show that the proposed method has certain recognition effect and can be applied to athlete training.