Little use has been made of the evidence in the many charters written on behalf of men departing on the First Crusade. This helps to establish what Pope Urban II actually said at Clermont. It confirms that he was believed to be the originator of the crusade, which was proposed by him as a satisfactory penance, and that Jerusalem was its goal from the start. The crusaders recognized that they had been summoned to a war-pilgrimage, the authority for which was Christ, and they believed that this radical penitential exercise would benefit their souls, but even the Franks among them had little notion of the crusade as a specifically Frankish enterprise. They could not comprehend the notion of fighting out of neighbourly love and found it hard to believe that full remission of sins was gained by those who died before reaching Jerusalem. Riley-smith Jonathan. The Idea of Crusading in the Charters of Early Crusaders, 1095-1102. In: Le concile de Clermont de 1095 et l’appel à la croisade. Actes du Colloque Universitaire International de Clermont-Ferrand (23-25 juin 1995) Rome : École Française de Rome, 1997. pp. 155-166. (Publications de l'École française de Rome, 236)