— The features of the lateral and vertical distribution of the total contents and concentrations of mobile (acetate-ammonium buffer extract at pH 4.8) forms of heavy metals and metalloids (HMMs) were studied in two heterogeneous soil-geochemical catenas in the industrial and park-recreational land-use zones of the city of Serpukhov (Moscow oblast). The total contents of V, Co, Ni, As, Mo, Sb, W, and Fe are characterized by the middle-accumulative type of lateral differentiation with maximum accumulation coefficients L of 2–2.4. Heavy metals and metalloids are accumulated at chemisorption, biogeochemical, and alkaline lateral geochemical barriers. Lateral differentiation of mobile forms of HMMs (L 0.1–7.4) in the catenas is more contrasting than that of the total HMMs (L 0.2–2.4). The change in redox conditions has the greatest effect on the contents of mobile HMMs. Therefore, maximum concentrations of mobile forms of Mn, Zn, Cu, and Cr in the park-recreational catena and of Fe and Mn in the industrial catena are confined to superaqual (floodplain) landscapes. The main types of the vertical (radial) distribution of the total HMMs for the park-recreational catena are (a) uniform (for V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Mo, Sb, and W) and (b) regressive, with a maximum in the lower horizon (Bi, Pb, As, and Ba). The industrial catena is characterized by the surface-accumulative distribution of the total Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb, Sb, and Bi. The contrast of the lateral and vertical distributions of HMMs increases by 1.3–2.2 times with an increase in the anthropogenic load.