Two-way interaction-mediated modification of isotropic turbulence and bubble dispersion is investigated using direct numerical simulations. The asymmetric coupling force on vortical structures generates horizontal force gradients, transiently enhancing the flow vorticity, while the cumulative buoyant transfer induced by bubbles in the downflow regions decreases it by attenuating the horizontal gradients of the downward flow velocity. These vorticity fluctuations affect the non-uniform distortion in the flow dissipation spectrum with a large-scale energy reduction, decreasing the flow dissipation. In addition, the buoyancy force acting on the bubbles affects the bubble distribution. Smaller inhomogeneities in the bubble distribution with turbulence attenuation, owing to the two-way coupling effects, also contribute to the bubble dispersion.