We have studied the influence of the structural parameters of a composite nonwoven material (obtained by introducing a sorption-active filler with different particle size distributions into the interior and o the surface of a polyacrylonitrile fiber during aerodynamic spinning from a polymer solution) on its basic performance characteristics. We have established that obtaining filled nonwoven materials from thin fibers will allow us to appreciably improve the sorption and physicomechanical properties of fiber webs. We show that it is possible to control the structure of a composite nonwoven material by controlling the aerodynamic spinning parameters, allowing us to obtain materials with performance properties that are optimally suited for use in the finished products, including personal protective equipment, medicine, and the pharmaceutical industry