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  • Major adverse cardiac event...
    Tjong, Michael C.; Bitterman, Danielle S.; Brantley, Kristen; Nohria, Anju; Hoffmann, Udo; Atkins, Katelyn M.; Mak, Raymond H.

    Radiotherapy and oncology, April 2022, 2022-04-00, 20220401, Letnik: 169
    Journal Article

    •LAD coronary artery V15 Gy (LADV15), but not mean heart dose, predicted MACE post-radiotherapy.•Coronary heart disease, Hypertension, and Logarithmic LADV15 (CHyLL model) predicted MACE.•High risk patients (CHyLL>5) had >20% 4-year MACE rates; low risk (CHyLL≤5) patients had <10% rates.•Calculated LADV15 constraint for patients without CHD or hypertension was 28.3% to remain low risk.•Calculated LADV15 low risk constraint was 11.3% for patients without CHD but with hypertension. In patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) post-radiotherapy, mean heart dose (MHD) and the percent of left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery receiving ≥15 Gy (LADV15) are associated with major adverse cardiac events (MACE). We developed a MACE prediction model in this population. Total 701 patients with LA-NSCLC treated with curative-intent radiotherapy reviewed, split by diagnosis date into “development” (n = 500) and later (n = 201) “test” cohorts. Development patients were analyzed using a multivariable Cox-proportional hazard model with backward elimination scheme (Bonferroni-adjusted α = 0.025). Potential predictors were selected a priori: age, coronary heart disease (CHD), Framingham Risk, hypertension, MHD, LADV15, intensity modulated radiotherapy use, and CHD and LADV15 interaction (CHD:LADV15). Cardiac doses as quadratic, square root, and logarithmic (lnX + 1) forms were explored. Models were internally validated with bootstrapping. Final model incorporated CHD, Hypertension, Logarithmic LADV15, and CHD*lnLADV15 + 1 (CHyLL; β coefficients: 5.51, 1.28, 1.48, −1.36; all p < 0.025; bootstrapping c-index: 0.80; test cohort c-index: 0.76). Possible risk score range: 0–8.11. MACE incidence was 6.8% and 23.6% at 48 months (p = 0.041), and survival rates were 51.6% and 35.0% (p = 0.099), in the low-risk (score <5.00) and high-risk (score ≥5) test groups, respectively. Using the model, calculated LADV15 constraints for patients without CHD were 11.3% and 28.3% for those with and without hypertension, respectively, to remain low-risk. Pre-existing CHD, hypertension, and LADV15 were important factors in predicting MACE after radiotherapy. CHyLL has the potential to estimate personalized LADV15 constraints based on cardiac risk factors and acceptable MACE thresholds.