Based on selected cartographic depictions of Korčula from the early modern age, the paper examines the geographical knowledge about that island at the time the maps were made. Special attention is directed to the hitherto unknown map of the island of Korčula from the second half of the 16th or the first half of the 17th century, which is kept in the Archivio do Stato di Venezia, given that it shows a very detailed escription of the island of Korčula, especially its western part. The objective of this paper, using the example of the island of Korčula, is to point out the importance of cartographic renderings as an important source of spatial data and to determine whether there was a gradual improvement in the quality of the displayed geographical content in accordance with the assumed development of geographical knowledge and cartographic techniques from the beginning of the 16th century to the end of the 18th century. On the basis of the selected cartographic depictions of the island of Korčula, the significance of the island of Korčula in maritime and geographic frameworks characterized by different political interests, primarily that of Venice, was confirmed. The diachronic series of early modern geographical maps and nautical charts points to the gradual development of geographical knowledge about the island of Korčula, as well as to the improvement of the quality of graphical visualization of the relevant spatial data about that Croatian island. U radu se na temelju odabranih kartografskih prikaza Korčule iz ranoga novog vijeka razmatraju geografske spoznaje o tom otoku u vrijeme izrade karata. Posebna pozornost usmjerena je na do sada nepoznatu kartu otoka Korčule iz druge polovine 16. ili prve polovine 17. st. koja se čuva u Archivio do Stato di Venezia s obzirom na to da je na njoj dan vrlo detaljan prikaz otoka Korčule, posebno njegovoga zapadnog dijela. Cilj je ovoga rada na primjeru otoka Korčule uputiti na važnost kartografskih prikaza kao važnog izvora prostornih podatka te utvrditi je li došlo do postupnoga unaprjeđenja kvalitete prikazanoga geografskog sadržaja u skladu s pretpostavljenim razvojem geografskih spoznaja i kartografskih tehnika od početka 16. st. do kraja 18. st. Na temelju odabranih kartografskih prikaza otoka Korčule potvrđeno je značenje otoka Korčule u pomorsko-geografskim okvirima obilježenim različitim političkim interesima, ponajprije Venecije. Dijakronijski niz ranonovovjekovnim geografskih i pomorskih karata upućuje na postupni razvoj geografskih spoznaja o otoku Korčuli kao i na unaprjeđenje kvalitete grafičke vizualizacije relevantnih prostornih podataka o tom hrvatskom otoku.