Historiographical studies were carried out to clarify the regional origin and establish the dating periods of the Persian Shamshir blade. It was revealed that every section of the Persian Shamshir blade consists of damask surface areas having different macrostructure. The damask surface in the forte resembles the highest-grade Taban Damascus steel, the pattern of the middle section of the blade is typical of a medium-grade Kum Hindi steel, and the foible pattern corresponds to the lowest quality Sham steel. The features of carbide banding in the longitudinal and transverse directions were studied. It was determined that the damascene structure comprises a regular layered morphology of carbide banding of score 4 of inhomogeneity. It was concluded that the width ratio of the troostite sections to the carbide layers obeys the golden ratio rule (61.8%:38.2%). It was established that the main background of the damascene structure of the 17th-century saber blade Shamshir is the matrix phase of lamellar troostite, with a volume fraction of 78%, and the excess phase of pebble-type cementite carbide, with a volume fraction of at least 85%.