Results of screening studies of the sorption of naturally occurring biologically active compounds (phenolcarboxylic acids, coumarins, flavonoids, and alkaloids) on aluminum- and iron-containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are presented. The structures of the synthesized MOFs were characterized by powder x-ray diffraction, porosimetry, and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Sorption of the analytes was quantitatively analyzed by UV spectrophotometry. The sorption activity of iron-containing MOFs was determined to be higher than that of aluminum-containing MOFs. The difference in sorption capacities indicates that targeted selection of MOFs for selective retention or separation of a mixture of chemically different substances is possible.