Rotavirus diarrhea is an important cause of child mortality in developing countries, but studies on this diarrhea are scarce in Sri Lanka. A prospective study conducted in Sri Lanka on rotavirus infection among children in a hospital setting (n = 611) versus children residing in tsunami camps (n = 52) showed that prevalence of rotavirus infection was comparable, 21.9 and 20%, respectively. The hospital and camps were located in different districts. Analysis of the genotypes of 122 rotaviruses from the hospital and 12 from the camps indicated that G9P8 was associated with 35 and 33%; G12P8/nt with 14.7 and 33%; G3P8/4/nt with 17 and 8% and G1P8/4 with 6.5 and 16.7%. Rotaviruses with G2P8/4/6 and G4P8/4 were hospital-associated only, and some rotaviruses (9 and 8% from the hospital and the camps, respectively) were G- and P-nontypable. We conclude from the present study that multiple emerging genotypes were prevalent in Sri Lanka, and children in camps were at risk of developing diarrhea due to rotaviruses.