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  • Amorphous to Crystal Phase ...
    Islam, Saiful M; Sangwan, Vinod K; Bruce Buchholz, D; Wells, Spencer A; Peng, Lintao; Zeng, Li; He, Yihui; Hersam, Mark C; Ketterson, John B; Marks, Tobin J; Bedzyk, Michael J; Grayson, Matthew; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G

    Journal of the American Chemical Society, 04/2021, Letnik: 143, Številka: 16
    Journal Article

    Chalcogenide-based phase change memory (PCM) is a key enabling technology for optical data storage and electrical nonvolatile memory. Here, we report a new phase change chalcogenide consisting of a 3D network of ionic (K···Se) and covalent bonds (Bi–Se), K2Bi8Se13 (KBS). Thin films of amorphous KBS deposited by DC sputtering are structurally and chemically homogeneous and exhibit a surface roughness of 5 nm. The KBS film crystallizes upon heating at ∼483 K. The optical bandgap of the amorphous film is about 1.25 eV, while its crystalline phase has a bandgap of ∼0.65 eV shows 2-fold difference between the two states. The bulk electrical conductivity of the amorphous and crystalline film is ∼7.5 × 10–4 and ∼2.7 × 10–2 S/cm, respectively. We have demonstrated a phase change memory effect in KBS by Joule heating in a technologically relevant vertical memory cell architecture. Upon Joule heating, the vertical device undergoes switching from its amorphous to crystalline state of KBS at 1–1.5 V (∼50 kV/cm), increasing conductivity by a factor of ∼40. Besides the large electrical and optical contrast in the crystalline and amorphous KBS, its elemental cost-effectiveness, stoichiometry, fast crystallization kinetics, as determined by the ratio of the glass transition and melting temperature, T g/T m ∼ 0.5, as well as the scalable synthesis of the thin film determine that KBS is a promising PC material for next general phase change memory.