Wounds represent a growing global issue demanding increased attention. To expedite wound healing, technologies are under development, and light emitting diode (LED) devices of varying wavelengths are being explored for their stimulating influence on the healing process. This article presents a systematic literature review aiming to compile, organize, and analyze the impacts of LED devices on wound healing. This review is registered on the PROSPERO platform CRD42023403870. Two blinded authors conducted searches in the Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases. In vitro and in vivo experimental studies assessing LED utilization in the wound healing process were included. The search yielded 1010 studies, of which 27 were included in the review. It was identified that LED stimulates different healing pathways, promoting enhanced cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis stimulation, increased collagen deposition, and modulation of the inflammatory response. Thus, it can be concluded that the LED stimulates cellular and molecular processes contingent on the utilized parameters. The effects depend on the standards used. Cell migration and proliferation were better influenced by green and red LED. The extracellular matrix components and angiogenesis were regulated by all wavelengths and the modulation of inflammation was mediated by green, red, and infrared LEDs. Significance statement Several authors have studied the different mechanisms of action that justify the effect of light emitting diode (LED) on healing. However, no analysis was carried out combining these results. This systematic review analyzed and discussed the effects of LED based on the results of different studies, with an analysis of the action of wavelengths. LED acts in all phases of wound healing through different mechanisms. Cell migration, cell proliferation, and inflammation appear to be most influenced by green and red wavelengths. The extracellular matrix and angiogenesis can be influenced by all wavelengths. The results of this study may encourage the construction of new devices with wavelengths and enhance healing effects.