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  • An Exemplar Frontal Plane V...
    Hogg, Jennifer A; Riehm, Christopher D; Diekfuss, Jed A; Simon, Janet E; Acocello, Shellie N; Liang, Yu; Wu, Dalei; Myer, Gregory D; Wilkerson, Gary B

    Journal of strength and conditioning research, 2022-Mar-01, 2022-03-00, 20220301, Letnik: 36, Številka: 3
    Journal Article

    Abstract Hogg, JA, Riehm, CD, Diekfuss, JA, Simon, JE, Acocello, SN, Liang, Y, Wu, D, Myer, GD, and Wilkerson, GB. An exemplar frontal plane visual kinematic stimulus elicits sex-specific learned behavior: An exploratory report. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 857–861, 2022—The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine if a visually delivered kinematic stimulus designed to promote injury-resistant biomechanics would induce sex-specific motor learning effects. Six female subjects and 6 male subjects participated in 2 consecutive day sessions in which they mimicked an avatar performing 5 sets of 8 repetitions of exemplar frontal plane mechanics during single-leg squats. Acute (∼10 minutes) and delayed (∼24 hours) transfer testing under single-task (single-leg balance) and dual-task conditions (single-leg balance plus cognitive task) were referenced to baseline measurements. Center of pressure (CoP) mean velocity (Vel), SD , and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) in the anterior posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions were quantified, with dual-task costs defined as the percentage difference from single-task to dual-task. Separate 2 × 3 repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted for each dual-task cost variable. Main effects and interactions with large effect sizes considered as ≥ 0.14 were further explored with pairwise post hoc comparisons. Sex by time interactions were observed for medial-lateral standard deviation cost ( = 0.29; p = 0.04), anterior-posterior standard deviation cost ( = 0.27; p = 0.06), and AP DFA cost ( = 0.41; p = 0.007), in which female subjects displayed lower dual task cost at acute transfer testing compared with male subjects (Cohen's d = 1.52, 1.64, 0.97; p = 0.03, 0.02, and 0.13 respectively). This report provides preliminary evidence that female subjects may be more responsive than male subjects to a prescribed frontal plane kinematic visual stimulus. Based on these sex-specific effects, future visually driven stimuli may require alternative strategies to optimize efficacy in male subjects.