In the salt lake industry, large amounts of steamed ammonia liquid waste are discharged as byproducts. The conversion of the residues into high value-added vaterite-phase calcium carbonate products for industrial applications is highly desirable. In this research, the feasibility of preparing vaterite-phase CaCOsub.3 in different CaClsub.2-COsub.2-MOH-Hsub.2O systems using steamed ammonia liquid waste was studied in the absence of additives. The effects of initial CaClsub.2 concentration, stirring speed and COsub.2 flow rate on the composition of the CaCOsub.3 crystal phase were investigated. The contents of vaterite were researched by the use of steamed ammonia liquid waste as a calcium source and pure calcium chloride as a contrast. The influence of the concentration of Csub.NH3·H2O/Csub.Ca2+ on the carbonation ratio and crystal phase composition was studied. The reaction conditions on the content, particle size and morphology of vaterite influence were discussed. It was observed that single vaterite-phase CaCOsub.3 was favored in the CaClsub.2-COsub.2-NHsub.4OH-Hsub.2O system. Additionally, the impurity ions in steamed ammonia liquid waste play a key role in the nucleation and crystallization of vaterite, which could affect the formation of single-phase vaterite. The obtained results provided a novel method for the preparation of single vaterite particles with the utilization of COsub.2 and offered a selective method for the extensive utilization of steamed ammonia liquid waste.