This chapter first considers the fate of far-right intellectuals with the demise of the Vichy regime. It then summarizes the themes at the heart of the far-right and fascist writings that these men produced in the interwar period, and suggests a different, synthetic reading that may shed light on the familiar issues of French fascism, anti-Semitism, and citizenship by addressing the remaining gaps in the historiography. The discussion then turns to Littell's Les bienveillantes, the most recent (fictional rather than scholarly) attempt to elucidate the relationship of identity and politics, aesthetics and ideology, fascism and anti-Semitism, sexuality and race.