Wolfgang Otto1, Maximilian Burger1, Hans-Martin Fritsche1, Andreas Blana1, Wolfgang Roessler1, Ruth Knuechel2, Wolf F. Wieland1 and Stefan Denzinger11Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, Germany. 2Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen, Germany.AbstractObjective: Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) of superficial bladder cancer decreases recurrence rates. We present oncological results of a randomized, prospective study, comparing transurethral resection (TUR) performed under conventional white light (WL) with PDD. The follow-up period is the longest reported to date. As costs might be reimbursed by prolonged recurrence-free survival in certain patients cost analysis in regard to risk-groups was performed.Material and methods: Using chi-square test and log-rank test we compared recurrence rates of 103 patients after WL-TUR and of 88 patients after PDD-TUR. Cost analysis was performed according to risk-groups of recurrence.Results: Mean follow-up was 99 months. Recurrence rate was 57% in WL vs. 28% in PDD (p 0.001). Costs incurred by subsequent TUR averaged € 2310 per WL patient vs. € 713 per PDD patient. Savings per patient by PDD amounted to € 1597. PDD costs were reimbursed in low, intermediate and high risk patients, respectively.Conclusions: PDD-TUR is significantly superior to conventional WL-TUR in terms of recurrence rate. While economic benefit is most prominent in intermediate risk patients, PDD related costs are reimbursed in all risk-groups.