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  • A Doubly Dissipative System...
    Valentini, Matteo; Frateloreto, Federico; Conti, Matteo; Cacciapaglia, Roberta; Del Giudice, Daniele; Di Stefano, Stefano

    Chemistry : a European journal, September 1, 2023, Letnik: 29, Številka: 49
    Journal Article

    The operation of a dissipative network composed of two or three different crown‐ether receptors and an alkali metal cation can be temporally driven by the use (combined or not) of two orthogonal stimuli of a different nature. More specifically, irradiation with light at a proper wavelength and/or addition of an activated carboxylic acid, are used to modulate the binding capability of the above crown‐ethers towards the metal ion, allowing to control over time the occupancy of the metal cation in the crown‐ether moiety of a given ligand. Thus, application of either or both of the stimuli to an initially equilibrated system, where the metal cation is distributed among the crown‐ether receptors depending on the different affinities, causes a programmable change in the receptor occupancies. Consequently, the system is induced to evolve to one or more out‐of‐equilibrium states with different distributions of the metal cation among the different receptors. When the fuel is exhausted or/and the irradiation interrupted, the system reversibly and autonomously goes back to the initial equilibrium state. Such results may contribute to the achievement of new dissipative systems that, taking advantage of multiple and orthogonal stimuli, are featured with more sophisticated operating mechanisms and time programmability. The motions of an alkali cation from and to the crown‐ether moieties of different ligands (up to three) is controlled over time and in a dissipative fashion by contextually employing two orthogonal stimuli, namely a radiative one and a chemical one. When the stimuli are no longer supplied, moving from out‐of‐equilibrium states, the system reversibly returns to its equilibrium state.