Precipitation strengthening is investigated in binary Al–0.1Sc, Al–0.1Zr and ternary Al–0.1Sc–0.1Zr (at.%) alloys aged isochronally between 200 and 600 °C. Precipitation of Al 3Sc (L1 2) commences between 200 and 250 °C in Al–0.1Sc, reaching a 670 MPa peak microhardness at 325 °C. For Al–0.1Zr, precipitation of Al 3Zr (L1 2) initiates between 350 and 375 °C, resulting in a 420 MPa peak microhardness at 425–450 °C. A pronounced synergistic effect is observed when both Sc and Zr are present. Above 325 °C, Zr additions provide a secondary strength increase from the precipitation of Zr-enriched outer shells onto the Al 3Sc precipitates, leading to a peak microhardness of 780 MPa at 400 °C for Al–0.1Sc–0.1Zr. Compositions, radii, volume fractions and number densities of the Al 3(Sc 1− x Zr x ) precipitates are measured directly using atom-probe tomography. This information is used to quantify the observed strengthening increments, attributed to dislocation shearing of the Al 3(Sc 1− x Zr x ) precipitates.