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  • Photonic Crystal Surface Em...
    Liu, Ruiyan; Shterengas, Leon; Stein, Aaron; Kipshidze, Gela; Zakharov, Dmitri; Kisslinger, Kim; Belenky, Gregory L.

    Photonics, 11/2022, Letnik: 9, Številka: 12
    Journal Article

    Epitaxially regrown electrically pumped photonic crystal surface emitting lasers (PCSELs) operating near 2 µm were designed and fabricated within a III-V-Sb material system. A high-index-contrast photonic crystal layer was incorporated into the laser heterostructures by air-pocket-retaining epitaxial regrowth. Transmission electron microscopy studies confirmed uniform and continuous AlGaAsSb initial growth over the nano-patterned GaSb surface, followed by the development of the air-pockets. The PCSEL threshold current density had a minimal value of ~170 A/cm2 in the 160–180 K temperature range when the QW gain spectrum aligned with the Γ2 band edge of the photonic crystal. The devices operated in a continuous wave regime at 160 K. The divergence and polarization of the multimode laser beam emitted from the 200 µm × 200 µm PCSEL aperture were controlled by filamentation.