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Bell, Jessica K.; Mullen, Gregory E.D.; Leifer, Cynthia A.; Mazzoni, Alessandra; Davies, David R.; Segal, David M.
Trends in immunology, 10/2003, Letnik: 24, Številka: 10Journal Article
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the major cell-surface initiators of inflammatory responses to pathogens. They bind a wide variety of pathogenic substances through their ectodomains (ECDs). Here, we ask: what is the structural basis for this interaction? Toll-like receptor ECDs comprise 19–25 tandem copies of a motif known as the leucine-rich repeat (LRR). No X-ray structure of a TLR-ECD is currently available but there are several high-resolution LRR-containing proteins that can be used to model TLRs. We suggest that the basic framework of TLRs is a horseshoe-shaped solenoid that contains an extensive β-sheet on its concave surface, and numerous ligand-binding insertions. Together, these insertions and the β-sheet could provide a binding surface that is 10-fold greater in area than binding surfaces in antibodies and T-cell receptors.
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Leto | Faktor vpliva | Izdaja | Kategorija | Razvrstitev | ||||
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JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP |
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in: SICRIS
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