Scenarios are frequently used as a tool in spatial and landscape planning as they enable clear and convincing representations of planned or possible future development. Scenarios are useful because they enhance public participation and the exchange of information on space and processes. Their use for a particular purpose in the planning procedure depends on the type of scenario, of which there are several. This paper presents the two most commonly used typologies in detail and also presents those of some prominent representatives of futurology. The paper concludes with examples of scenario use in applicative and research studies, both foreign and local, in the fields of spatial planning and environmental protection, outlining the various methodological approaches to the design and use of scenarios. The discussion is focused on the use of appropriate types of scenarios for different tasks and draws attention to certain shortcomings and pitfalls of scenario use.