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Huang, Qian; Li, Fang; Liu, Xinjian; Li, Wenrong; Shi, Wei; Liu, Fei-Fei; O'Sullivan, Brian; He, Zhimin; Peng, Yuanlin; Tan, Aik-Choon; Zhou, Ling; Shen, Jingping; Han, Gangwen; Wang, Xiao-Jing; Thorburn, Jackie; Thorburn, Andrew; Jimeno, Antonio; Raben, David; Bedford, Joel S; Li, Chuan-Yuan
Nature medicine, 07/2011, Letnik: 17, Številka: 7Journal Article
In cancer treatment, apoptosis is a well-recognized cell death mechanism through which cytotoxic agents kill tumor cells. Here we report that dying tumor cells use the apoptotic process to generate potent growth-stimulating signals to stimulate the repopulation of tumors undergoing radiotherapy. Furthermore, activated caspase 3, a key executioner in apoptosis, is involved in the growth stimulation. One downstream effector that caspase 3 regulates is prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), which can potently stimulate growth of surviving tumor cells. Deficiency of caspase 3 either in tumor cells or in tumor stroma caused substantial tumor sensitivity to radiotherapy in xenograft or mouse tumors. In human subjects with cancer, higher amounts of activated caspase 3 in tumor tissues are correlated with markedly increased rate of recurrence and death. We propose the existence of a cell death-induced tumor repopulation pathway in which caspase 3 has a major role.
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