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Baerends, Eva A.M.; Hvidt, Astrid K.; Reekie, Joanne; Søgaard, Ole S.; Stærke, Nina B.; Raben, Dorthe; Nielsen, Henrik; Petersen, Kristine T.; Juhl, Maria R.; Johansen, Isik S.; Lindvig, Susan O.; Madsen, Lone W.; Wiese, Lothar; Knudsen, Lene S.; Iversen, Mette B.; Benfield, Thomas; Iversen, Kasper K.; Andersen, Sidsel D.; Juhl, Anna K.; Dietz, Lisa L.; Andreasen, Signe R.; Fischer, Thea K.; Erikstrup, Christian; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Lundgren, Jens; Østergaard, Lars; Tolstrup, Martin; Lundgren, J.; Østergaard, L.; Krohn-Dehli, L.; Petersen, D.K.; Fogh, K.; Højmark, E.; Iversen, K.K.; Bek, P.; Klastrup, V.; Larsen, F.; Rasmussen, S.H.; Schleimann, M.H.; Schieber, S.; Stærke, N.B.; Søndergaard, A.; Tarp, B.; Yehdego, Y.; Bodilsen, J.; Nielsen, H.; Petersen, K.T.; Ruwald, M.; Thisted, R.K.; Caspersen, S.F.; Iversen, M.; Meyerhoff, J.L.; Sander, L.G.; Wiese, L.; Abildgaard, C.; Holden, I.K.; Johansen, N.E.; Johansen, I.S.; Larsen, L.; Lindvig, S.O.; Madsen, L.W.; Kruse, N.A.; Lomholdt, H.; Krause, T.G.; Valentiner-Branth, P.; Søborg, B.; Fischer, T.K.; Erikstrup, C.; Ostrowski, S.R.; Tolstrup, M.; Søgaard, O.S.; Raben, D.; Jylling, E.; Hougaard, D.; Andersen, S.D.; Lykkegaard, K.; Andreasen, S.R.; Baerends, E.; Dietz, L.L.; Hvidt, A.K.; Juhl, A.K.; Olesen, R.; Andersen, K.K.; Bannister, W.; Bjernved, C.; Elsing, T.W.; Esmann, F.V.; Ghafari, M.A.; Gravholdt, E.; Jakobsen, S.F.; Jakobsen, M.L.; Jensen, C.M.; Jensen, T.Ø.; Matthews, C.; Normand, N.; Olsson, C.; Reekie, J.; Weide, T.; Hvas, A.M.; Støvring, H.
iScience, 09/2023, Letnik: 26, Številka: 9Journal Article
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron quickly spread globally, also in regions with high vaccination coverage, emphasizing the importance of exploring the immunological requirements for protection against Omicron breakthrough infection. The test-negative matched case-control study (N = 964) characterized Omicron breakthrough infections in triple-vaccinated individuals from the ENFORCE cohort. Within 60 days before a PCR test spike-specific IgG levels were significantly lower in cases compared to controls (GMR 95% CI for BA.2: 0.83 0.73–0.95, p = 0.006). Multivariable logistic regression showed significant associations between high antibody levels and lower odds of infection (aOR 95% CI for BA.2 spike-specific IgG: 0.65 0.48–0.88, p = 0.006 and BA.2 ACE2-blocking antibodies: 0.46 0.30–0.69, p = 0.0002). A sex-stratified analysis showed more pronounced associations for females than males. High levels of vaccine-induced antibodies provide partial protection against Omicron breakthrough infections. This is important knowledge to further characterize a threshold for protection against new variants and to estimate the necessity and timing of booster vaccination. Display omitted •High antibody levels are associated with low odds of Omicron breakthrough infection•Vaccine-induced antibodies are an immune marker of protection against infection•Sex stratification revealed a clear association for females in particular Immunology; Molecular medicine; Immune response
