Nitrogen oxides (NOx), mainly referring to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO), are toxic gaseous compounds that have been identified as one of the “criteria air pollutants” by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Not only do these noxious NOx gasses pose a threat to health, but they also contribute to the formation of acid rain, atmospheric particles, eutrophication, and various other toxic substances instigating crucial environmental issues. A great deal of research has been conducted on the photocatalytic abatement of NO2 pollutants using cementitious materials with additives such as TiO2 and ZnO2. Nevertheless, these approaches are typically expensive and can be rather cumbersome due to the necessity of continual inspection of the catalysts for deactivation and poisoning. Alternatively, this study utilizes demolished concrete as an adsorbent to capture NO2 without expensive additives/catalysts to produce NO2 sequestered recycled concrete, and consequently employs it as a constituent in new concrete mixtures. Prior studies demonstrated that NO2 could interact with numerous hydrated and unhydrated cementitious components as well as cement-based materials with different chemical compositions. Hence, demolished concrete–a material with a wide range of variability in parent concrete properties–is an excellent adsorbent for removal of toxic NO2. Demolished concrete that is currently being landfilled on a massive scale can be recycled in a sustainable way as an adsorbent to remove NO2 from flue gas from nearby industrial facilities. Even though recent studies focused on improving the efficiency of NO2 removal by cementitious materials, none of these investigations have studied the fate of NO2 sequestered cement-based materials (NSCM) in real-world concrete applications. Thus, for the first time, this dissertation explores the viability of using NO2 sequestered recycled concrete aggregate (NRCA) as a constituent in new ordinary portland cement (OPC) concrete. This thesis work primarily aims at investigating the performance of NRCA incorporated OPC concrete and seeks to evaluate the hypothesis that NRCA could potentially function as an inhibitor against chloride-induced steel corrosion in concrete. A comprehensive experimental program is devised to assess the effect of NRCA on several key mechanical and durability properties of concrete when it is used to replace natural sand in fresh OPC concrete mixtures. Comparisons are made between the concrete mixtures containing NRCA and traditional recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). Moreover, a commercially available calcium nitrite-based corrosion inhibiting admixture (CI) is also used in parallel with NRCA incorporated concrete. Additionally, this dissertation investigates the feasibility of using recycled concrete powder (RCP), a by-product of the main experimental series, as a cement replacement material in OPC concrete. The performance of RCP is compared to a commercially available limestone filler. The results of this dissertation show that NRCA is a promising constituent material for OPC concrete and the NRCA can act as an inhibitor for chloride-induced steel corrosion. NRCA can release soluble nitrite/nitrate ions into fresh OPC mixtures similar to a CI admixture. The incorporation of NRCA is found to enhance the compressive strength, reduce the porosity, and moderately accelerate the hydration reaction in OPC concrete, unlike traditional RCA. Moreover, the morphologies of the main cementitious hydrated products are modified in the presence of NRCA. The underlying mechanisms of the enhanced macroscale performance of NRCA incorporated concrete are elucidated by the microscale performance. The micromechanical properties of the interfacial transitional zones (ITZs), as well as the hydrated products in both new and old cementitious matrices in NRCA incorporated concrete, are found to be better than those of traditional RCA mixtures. Contrary to conventional RCA, NRCA reduced chloride ion diffusion and increased the chloride binding capacity in OPC concrete. Most importantly, the addition of NRCA delayed the initiation of chloride-induced corrosion and reduced the rate of corrosion once initiated to be on par with commercially available CI admixture. Thin passive films are rapidly formed on the rebar substrates in the presence of NRCA. The incorporation of NRCA visibly reduced the pit formation under accelerated chloride exposure conditions. The age of the parent concrete influenced the mechanical and durability properties of NRCA containing concrete significantly, and this became more pronounced in the case of conventional RCA. The quality of the RCAs used in this study decreased as the age of the parent concrete increased. Nevertheless, the process of NO2 sequestration seemed to be effective in circumventing those inferior properties of the traditional RCA up to a certain extent. It is recommended to decide the optimum NRCA content after a thorough investigation of the parent concrete properties. The results of the secondary experimental investigation of this thesis work revealed that the presence of RCP mainly imposed the dilution effect on the OPC cementitious matrix. Consequently, the addition of RCP lowered the strength, volume stability, resistance to chloride permeability, and resistance to water absorption than control OPC mixtures. However, results suggest that the use of recycled concrete powder as a cement replacement material in concrete can still be a viable option, depending upon the particle size, quality of the parent concrete source as well as the intended use of the RCP incorporated concrete. Overall, the findings of this dissertation significantly contributed to the field of sustainable concrete by providing new paradigms of turning solid waste materials into useful products. The results of this thesis work can be further extended to establish guidelines for the effective use of NRCA in practice.