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Ackermann, M.; Ahrens, M.; Bai, X.; Balagopal V., A.; Barwick, S. W.; Bay, R.; BenZvi, S.; Bernardini, E.; Borowka, J.; Böser, S.; Botner, O.; Böttcher, J.; Bradascio, F.; Braun, J.; Bron, S.; Browne, S.; Clark, B. A.; Coleman, A.; Collin, G. H.; Conrad, J. M.; Coppin, P.; Dave, P.; Desai, A.; de Vries, K. D.; Diaz, A.; DuVernois, M. A.; Dvorak, E.; Erpenbeck, H.; Fazely, A. R.; Fiedlschuster, S.; Filimonov, K.; Franckowiak, A.; Gallagher, J.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Grant, D.; Griswold, S.; Gutjahr, P.; Halliday, R.; Hardin, J.; Haungs, A.; Helbing, K.; Henningsen, F.; Hickford, S.; Hignight, J.; Hokanson-Fasig, B.; Hultqvist, K.; Hünnefeld, M.; Hussain, R.; Jin, M.; Kang, D.; Kang, X.; Kappesser, D.; Kelley, J. L.; Kin, K.; Kontrimas, T.; Koskinen, D. J.; Lazar, J. P.; Li, Y.; Lincetto, M.; Lyu, Y.; Madsen, J.; Mariş, I. C.; Maruyama, R.; McElroy, T.; Mead, J. V.; Mockler, D.; Morse, R.; Moulai, M.; Naumann, U.; Nisa, M. U.; Oeyen, B.; Paul, L.; Peters, L.; Philippen, S.; Pittermann, M.; Plum, M.; Popovych, Y.; Reichherzer, P.; Ruhe, T.; Safa, I.; Schaufel, M.; Schindler, S.; Schmidt, T.; Schröder, F. G.; Seckel, D.; Sharma, A.; Silva, M.; Soedingrekso, J.; Stachurska, J.; Stanev, T.; Stein, R.; Stezelberger, T.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Trettin, A.; Turley, C. F.; Ty, B.; Watson, T. B.; Weiss, M. J.; Wendt, C.; Zhang, Z.
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 11/2022, Letnik: 378, Številka: 6619Journal Article
A supermassive black hole, obscured by cosmic dust, powers the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068. Neutrinos, which rarely interact with matter, could provide information on the galaxy’s active core. We searched for neutrino emission from astrophysical objects using data recorded with the IceCube neutrino detector between 2011 and 2020. The positions of 110 known gamma-ray sources were individually searched for neutrino detections above atmospheric and cosmic backgrounds. We found that NGC 1068 has an excess of 79 − 20 + 22 neutrinos at tera–electron volt energies, with a global significance of 4.2σ, which we interpret as associated with the active galaxy. The flux of high-energy neutrinos that we measured from NGC 1068 is more than an order of magnitude higher than the upper limit on emissions of tera–electron volt gamma rays from this source. Nearby active galaxy emits neutrinos Observations have shown a diffuse background of high-energy neutrinos, which is known to be of extragalactic origin. However, it has been difficult to identify individual sources that contribute to this background. The IceCube Collaboration reanalyzed the arrival directions of astrophysical neutrinos and then searched for point sources (see the Perspective by Murase). They identified evidence for neutrino emission from NGC 1068 (also known as Messier 77), a nearby active galaxy. Its properties are quite different from TXS 0506+056, which was found to be a neutrino source in 2018, leading the investigators to suggest that there might be more than one population contributing to the neutrino background. —KTS The arrival directions of astrophysical neutrinos indicate point source neutrino emission from NGC 1068.
