Sustainable agriculture is an agricultural production system that seeks to balance food production with the preservation of natural resources, minimizing environmental impacts, and promoting soil health. Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture, directly influencing soil quality, plant nutrition, and, therefore, agricultural productivity. This complex interaction between microorganisms and agricultural systems is an ever-expanding area of research. The presence of beneficial microorganisms contributes to the formation of soil aggregates, improving its structure and aeration. This favors root development and the efficient absorption of nutrients by plants. In summary, microorganisms play a vital role in promoting sustainable agriculture, contributing to the efficiency of resource use, reducing dependence on chemical inputs, and preserving the health of the agricultural ecosystem. Therefore, integrating practices that promote microbial activity in the soil is essential for the development of more sustainable and resilient agricultural systems.