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  • Bright Gamma-Ray Flares Obs...
    Ajello, M.; Arimoto, M.; Asano, K.; Axelsson, M.; Baldini, L.; Barbiellini, G.; Bastieri, D.; Bellazzini, R.; Berretta, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bonino, R.; Bottacini, E.; Bregeon, J.; Bruel, P.; Buehler, R.; Buson, S.; Cameron, R. A.; Caputo, R.; Caraveo, P. A.; Cavazzuti, E.; Chen, S.; Chiaro, G.; Cutini, S.; D'Ammando, F.; Torre Luque, P. de la; Palma, F. de; Lalla, N. Di; Venere, L. Di; Dirirsa, F. Fana; Fegan, S. J.; Franckowiak, A.; Fukazawa, Y.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Giroletti, M.; Green, D.; Grondin, M.-H.; Hays, E.; Horan, D.; Kocevski, D.; Kovac'evic', M.; Kuss, M.; Larsson, S.; Latronico, L.; Li, J.; Liodakis, I.; Longo, F.; Loparco, F.; Lovellette, M. N.; Lubrano, P.; Maldera, S.; Manfreda, A.; Mazziotta, M. N.; McEnery, J. E.; Mereu, I.; Mizuno, T.; Monzani, M. E.; Moretti, E.; Morselli, A.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Negro, M.; Nuss, E.; Ohno, M.; Omodei, N.; Orienti, M.; Orlando, E.; Palatiello, M.; Paliya, V. S.; Paneque, D.; Pei, Z.; Persic, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Piron, F.; Poon, H.; Porter, T. A.; Racusin, J. L.; Rainò, S.; Rando, R.; Rani, B.; Razzano, M.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Serini, D.; Sgrò, C.; Siskind, E. J.; Spinelli, P.; Tajima, H.; Takagi, K.; Tak, D.; Torres, D. F.; Valverde, J.; Wood, K.; Yamazaki, R.; Yassine, M.; Zhu, S.; Uhm, Z. Lucas; Zhang, Bing

    Astrophysical journal. Letters, 12/2019, Letnik: 886, Številka: 2
    Journal Article

    GRB 131108A is a bright long gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected by the Large Area Telescope and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Dedicated temporal and spectral analyses reveal three γ-ray flares dominating above 100 MeV, which are not directly related to the prompt emission in the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor band (10 keV-10 MeV). The high-energy light curve of GRB 131108A (100 MeV-10 GeV) shows an unusual evolution: a steep decay, followed by three flares with an underlying emission, and then a long-lasting decay phase. The detailed analysis of the γ-ray flares finds that the three flares are 6-20 times brighter than the underlying emission and are similar to each other. The fluence of each flare, (1.6 ∼ 2.0) × 10−6 erg cm−2, is comparable to that of emission during the steep decay phase, 1.7 × 10−6 erg cm−2. The total fluence from three γ-ray flares is 5.3 × 10−6 erg cm−2. The three γ-ray flares show properties similar to the usual X-ray flares that are sharp flux increases, occurring in ∼50% of afterglows, in some cases well after the prompt emission. Also, the temporal and spectral indices during the early steep decay phase and the decaying phase of each flare show the consistency with a relation of the curvature effect ( = 2 + ), which is the first observational evidence of the high-latitude emission in the GeV energy band.