Purpose To evaluate the vision-related quality of life (VR-QOL) before and after intravitreal ranibizumab injections (IVR) for central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and to investigate subscale items of VR-QOL in detail. Study design A multicenter, open-label, prospective and comparative study. Methods Twenty-three patients with treatment naïve CRVO and 22 age-matched normal controls were included. VR-QOL was assessed by 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25) before and up to 12 months post-treatment. The VFQ-25 composite score and 12 subscales were compared between CRVO patients and normal controls. Results The VFQ-25 composite scores of CRVO patients showed significant improvement throughout the treatment period compared with baseline. The VFQ-25 composite scores both before and after treatment for CRVO were significantly lower than in normal controls. The subscale items, including general health, general vision, near activities, social functioning, mental health, role difficulties, dependency, and peripheral vision in CRVO, were significantly lower than in the normal controls even after treatment. Conclusion Vision-related QOL was low in patients with CRVO before treatment and improved with IVR. In spite of the improvements, several subscale items remained lower than in normal controls following treatment. Attention should be paid to the patients with CRVO and their decreased visual, social and psychological QOL.