Cancer is a leading global health challenge with increasing morbidity and mortality. In Nigeria, cancer leads to over 100,000 new cases and 70,000 deaths annually. In resource-constrained countries such as Nigeria, registered nurses (RNs) that provide oncology care lack specialty education in oncology nursing care. Nigerian nurses are the largest portion of the healthcare workforce and can play a key role in improving oncology care. This study aimed to assess RNs' knowledge, willingness, and ability to perform tasks related to chemotherapy administration and symptom management, assess current practices, identify available resources, and identify gaps in RNs’ knowledge of oncology care. A descriptive, correlational, Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved study was conducted using a modified Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice questionnaire and a questionnaire adapted from the Organizational Readiness to Change Assessment. The principle investigator (PI) adopted the role as an observer to witness an accurate picture of nursing practice at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital (OAUTH) and identify gaps in education and knowledge around oncology nursing care. A Research Electronic Data Capture database was developed using paper-formatted questionnaires that were exported to Excel for statistical analysis. This study supports findings from literature highlighting that nurses working in oncology units lack specialized oncology training, which leads to gaps in knowledge and practice. Questionnaire responses and clinical observations at OAUTH support RNs’ willingness to learn skills related to oncology nursing care. Nurses are self-aware that they have more to learn about how to prepare and administer chemotherapy, and 90% of nurses reported that an ongoing chemotherapy training program would be helpful at OAUTH. By identifying gaps in education and knowledge about oncology care and by identifying available resources, an oncology training program could be developed for nurses working in oncology units at OAUTH and other Nigerian hospitals, leading to improved oncology patient care and outcomes.