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  • Antiviral activities of fla...
    Badshah, Syed Lal; Faisal, Shah; Muhammad, Akhtar; Poulson, Benjamin Gabriel; Emwas, Abdul Hamid; Jaremko, Mariusz

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy, 08/2021, Letnik: 140
    Journal Article

    Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals known for their antiviral activity. The flavonoids acts at different stages of viral infection, such as viral entrance, replication and translation of proteins. Viruses cause various diseases such as SARS, Hepatitis, AIDS, Flu, Herpes, etc. These, and many more viral diseases, are prevalent in the world, and some (i.e. SARS-CoV-2) are causing global chaos. Despite much struggle, effective treatments for these viral diseases are not available. The flavonoid class of phytochemicals has a vast number of medicinally active compounds, many of which are studied for their potential antiviral activity against different DNA and RNA viruses. Here, we reviewed many flavonoids that showed antiviral activities in different testing environments such as in vitro, in vivo (mice model) and in silico. Some flavonoids had stronger inhibitory activities, showed no toxicity & the cell proliferation at the tested doses are not affected. Some of the flavonoids used in the in vivo studies also protected the tested mice prophylactically from lethal doses of virus, and effectively prevented viral infection. The glycosides of some of the flavonoids increased the solubility of some flavonoids, and therefore showed increased antiviral activity as compared to the non-glycoside form of that flavonoid. These phytochemicals are active against different disease-causing viruses, and inhibited the viruses by targeting the viral infections at multiple stages. Some of the flavonoids showed more potent antiviral activity than the market available drugs used to treat viral infections. Display omitted •Flavonoids are the phytochemicals with many medicinal properties.•Different studies showed their potency against various human viral infections.•Novel flavonoids are required for better absorption and bioavailibilty.•Clinical trials are necessary; to further explore their antiviral properties.