Hydrogel microparticles, generally accepted as significant green materials, have been widely used in chemical, biological, and biomedical fields owing to their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-cytotoxicity. Among these, non-spherical hydrogel microparticles with diverse shape anisotropy have great potential in applications such as drug delivery, cellular interaction, micromotors, etc. Benefiting from their shapes, their functionalities in such fields cannot be satisfied by the typical spherical types. Recently, microfluidics with precise control and domination of fluids at microflow sizes has emerged as a powerful method for synthesizing shape-controllable hydrogel microparticles with good monodispersity and unique morphology. In this review, we tried to provide an overview of the production of non-spherical microparticles composed of green hydrogel materials, emphasizing the microfluidic approaches. Furthermore, a brief introduction to their current applications is also presented. Display omitted •The commonly and recently used microfluidic methods for preparing non-spherical hydrogel microparticles are demonstrated.•Microfluidics generation non-spherical hydrogel particles have been classified and compared.•The recently reported applications of NSHPs of various shapes in specific fields are discussed.•The outlook for the microfluidic synthesis of NSHPs is discussed.