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Diveshkumar, K. V; Sakrikar, Saaz; Rosu, Frédéric; Harikrishna, S; Gabelica, Valérie; Pradeepkumar, P. I
Biochemistry (Easton), 06/2016, Letnik: 55, Številka: 25Journal Article
Stabilization of G-quadruplex DNA structures by small molecules has emerged as a promising strategy for the development of anticancer drugs. Since G-quadruplex structures can adopt various topologies, attaining specific stabilization of a G-quadruplex topology to halt a particular biological process is daunting. To achieve this, we have designed and synthesized simple structural scaffolds based on an indolylmethyleneindanone pharmacophore, which can specifically stabilize the parallel topology of promoter quadruplex DNAs (c-MYC, c-KIT1, and c-KIT2), when compared to various topologies of telomeric and duplex DNAs. The lead ligands (InEt2 and InPr2) are water-soluble and meet a number of desirable criteria for a small molecule drug. Highly specific induction and stabilization of the c-MYC and c-KIT quadruplex DNAs (ΔT 1/2 up to 24 °C) over telomeric and duplex DNAs (ΔT 1/2 ∼ 3.2 °C) by these ligands were further validated by isothermal titration calorimetry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry experiments (K a ∼ 105 to 106 M–1). Low IC50 (∼2 μM) values were emerged for these ligands from a Taq DNA polymerase stop assay with the c-MYC quadruplex forming template, whereas the telomeric DNA template showed IC50 values >120 μM. Molecular modeling and dynamics studies demonstrated the 5′- and 3′-end stacking modes for these ligands. Overall, these results demonstrate that among the >1000 quadruplex stabilizing ligands reported so far, the indolylmethyleneindanone scaffolds stand out in terms of target specificity and structural simplicity and therefore offer a new paradigm in topology specific G-quadruplex targeting for potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP |
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