While the deployment of insecticide-based strategies dramatically reduced the toll of insect-borne diseases in several regions, it resulted in widespread insecticide resistance in natural populations 4. ...the development of new strategies to reduce disease transmission is greatly needed. Insect immunity is regulated by several different signaling pathways such as the JNK, JAK-STAT, Toll, IMD, and RNAi, which activate final effectors that limit pathogen development and replication 5,6. ...immune priming and other mechanisms of immune memory that result in long-term enhancement of mosquito immunity have gained attention as important mechanisms to reduce disease transmission 7. Oral infection of fly larvae with Drosophila C virus (DCV) enhanced survival to a lethal challenge with the same virus as adults, although there was no difference in viral load, suggesting that previous exposure to the virus enhanced tolerance to infection in adult flies 35. Granulocyte release microvesicles (HdMv) at the site of recruitment, which mediates complement-like activation and Plasmodium elimination. ...the intensity of the mosquito immune response to Plasmodium can be enhanced by a previous infection.