The rheology is an effective tool to characterize workability, consistency, flowability, and predict stability, pumpability, shootability, pressure of formwork, multi-layer casting. This paper presents a critical review on the rheological properties of fresh concrete in recent publications. The applicable rheological models for the flow of concrete are revealed. The effects of constituents of fresh concrete, including cement, supplementary cementitious materials (fly ash, ground blast furnace slag, and silica fume), limestone powder, coarse and fine aggregates, and chemical admixtures (superplasticizer, viscosity modifying agent and air-entraining agent) on the rheological properties are discussed in detail. The applications of rheograph and workability box in mixture proportioning and quality control are also illustrated.