Talent management has developed as a field of research especially in recent years to meet the challenges of the labor market, caused by global economic crises, the lack of qualified personnel in many fields of activity, as well as excessive migration to better-paid jobs. Initially, talent management was geared towards large organizations in the private sector, but in recent years research has also spread to the public environment. At this moment in Romania, the field is in the early stage of development, empirical research is reduced in number and there is no real concern for identifying, developing and motivating staff with special skills within public institutions. This paper contributes to the development of scientific literature in Romania by clarifying the concept of Talent Management and how it is implemented in Romanian public institutions, based on the analysis of specialized literature and qualitative analysis based on the Interview Guide applied in sixteen public institutions.